Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title
Now showing items 13222-13241 of 24540
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Mechanisms driving behavioral variation in ecologically distinct Peromyscus mice
(2020-11-23)Animal behavior is shaped both by ultimate and proximate forces. While evolutionary biologists have focused primarily on understanding the ultimate mechanisms driving behavioral variation in natural populations, geneticists ... -
Mechanisms for concentrating Rho1 during cytokinesis
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2009)The small GTP-binding protein, Rho1/RhoA plays a central role in cytokinetic actomyosin ring (CAR) assembly and cytokinesis. Concentration of Rho proteins at the division site is a general feature of cytokinesis, yet the ... -
Mechanisms for convection triggering by cold pools
(American Geophysical Union, 2015)Cold pools are fundamental ingredients of deep convection. They contribute to organizing the subcloud layer and are considered key elements in triggering convective cells. It was long known that this could happen mechanically, ... -
Mechanisms for the outbursts of soft X-ray transients
(EDP Sciences, 1996) -
Mechanisms for Ultrafast Nonradiative Relaxation in Electronically Excited Eumelanin Constituents
(Biophysical Society, 2008)We investigate the relaxation dynamics of melanin model constituents including monomers, dimers, and tetramers, upon excitation, using state-of-the-art, time-dependent, density functional theory calculations. The results ... -
Mechanisms Governing Mesothelial Clearance by Ovarian Cancer Spheroids
(2013-10-08)Metastatic dissemination of ovarian tumors involves the invasion of multi-cellular tumor cell clusters into the mesothelial cell lining of organs in the peritoneal cavity. We developed an in vitro assay that models this ... -
Mechanisms of Bacterial Envelope Stress From Within and Without
(2017-01-25)The bacterial cell envelope is the frontline protective barrier between the cell and the environment. It is a complex multilayered structure essential for maintaining cellular integrity and plays a crucial defensive role ... -
Mechanisms of CD4 T Cell Antigen Recognition and Effector Cell Differentiation and Function
(2013-03-15)The ability for CD4 T cells to efficiently search for and subsequently respond to microbial pathogens is essential for protective immunity, but mechanisms controlling these responses are not completely understood. In this ... -
Mechanisms of Cross-Modal Refinement by Visual Experience
(2012-12-12)Alteration of one sensory system can have striking effects on the processing and organization of the remaining senses, a phenomenon known as cross-modal plasticity. The goal of this thesis was to understand the circuit ... -
Mechanisms of disrupted intestinal epithelial homeostasis during HIV infection
(2021-03-05)Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection causes gastrointestinal (GI) pathology, termed “HIV enteropathy”, which is marked by local inflammation, villous blunting, and loss of epithelial barrier integrity. ... -
Mechanisms of Endogenous Alpha-Glycosylceramide Generation for Development and Activation of NKT Cells
(2017-05-12)Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells recognize lipid antigens loaded on CD1d molecules and modulate downstream immune responses by rapidly releasing multiple cytokines. Their most potent antigen is the lipid ... -
Mechanisms of germ cell specification across the metazoans: Epigenesis and preformation
(The Company of Biologists, 2003)Germ cells play a unique role in gamete production, heredity and evolution. Therefore, to understand the mechanisms that specify germ cells is a central challenge in developmental and evolutionary biology. Data from model ... -
Mechanisms of Immunodeficiency Due To NFkappaB Signaling Defects
(2012-11-07)Ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (ED-ID) is a rare primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by defects in ectodermal tissues (skin, hair and sweat glands), recurrent infections, impaired response to Toll-like ... -
Mechanisms of Innate Immune Activation by Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutics
(2022-05-10)Mitotic errors and DNA damage produce damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) which can activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and elicit innate immune responses in the form of inflammation. Inflammation can ... -
Mechanisms of Intensity Encoding for Non-Image-Forming Visual Functions
(2018-01-18)Light drives many physiological processes that exist outside conscious awareness. These ‘non-image-forming’ visual functions are typically sensitive to the overall environmental light intensity—a parameter which can vary ... -
Mechanisms of Membrane Disruption by Viral Entry Proteins
(2013-02-15)To enter and infect cells, viruses must overcome the barrier presented by the cell membrane. Enveloped viruses, which possess their own lipid bilayer, fuse their viral membrane with the cell membrane. Non-enveloped viruses, ... -
Mechanisms of motivation–cognition interaction: challenges and opportunities
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2014)Recent years have seen a rejuvenation of interest in studies of motivation–cognition interactions arising from many different areas of psychology and neuroscience. The present issue of Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral ... -
Mechanisms of nucleotide signaling in bacterial and metazoan antiviral defense
(2021-09-07)Nucleotide-based antiviral signaling is broadly conserved between bacteria and metazoans. Mammalian cGAS and OAS1 are structurally homologous enzymes that share a pol-β-like nucleotidyltransferase fold and synthesize ... -
Mechanisms of Oncogenesis Driven by SNF5-Loss in Pediatric Rhabdoid Tumors
(2015-05-16)The characterization of inactivating mutations affecting SNF5 in pediatric rhabdoid tumors constituted the first clear connection between an epigenetic regulator and tumor formation. SNF5 is a core subunit of the evolutionarily ... -
Mechanisms of Preconditioning Against Surgical Stress by Short-Term Dietary Protein Restriction
(2016-01-13)Dietary restriction (DR) or reduced food intake without malnutrition encompasses a variety of dietary interventions including reduction of calories or specific macronutrients such as amino acids or total protein. Even ...