Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title
Now showing items 7190-7209 of 24540
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Estimating Network Features and Associated Measures of Uncertainty and Their Incorporation in Network Generation and Analysis
(2012-11-19)The efficacy of interventions to control HIV spread depends upon many features of the communities where they are implemented, including not only prevalence, incidence, and per contact risk of transmission, but also properties ... -
Estimating North American background ozone in U.S. surface air with two independent global models: Variability, uncertainties, and recommendations
(Elsevier BV, 2014)Accurate estimates for North American background (NAB) ozone (O3) in surface air over the United States are needed for setting and implementing an attainable national O3 standard. These estimates rely on simulations with ... -
Estimating Partisan Bias of the Electoral College Under Proposed Changes in Elector Apportionment
(Walter de Gruyter, 2013)In the election for President of the United States, the Electoral College is the body whose members vote to elect the President directly. Each state sends a number of delegates equal to its total number of representatives ... -
Estimating Peer Effects on Health in Social Networks
(Elsevier, 2008)We recently showed that obesity can spread socially from person to person in adults (Christakis and Fowler 2007). A natural question to ask is whether or not these results generalize to a population of adolescents. Three ... -
Estimating phylogenetic trees from genome-scale data
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015)The heterogeneity of signals in the genomes of diverse organisms poses challenges for traditional phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic methods known as “species tree” methods have been proposed to directly address one ... -
Estimating Resemblance of MIDI Documents
(2000)Search engines often employ techniques for determining syntactic similarity of web pages. Such a tool allows them to avoid returning multiple copies of essentially the same page when a user makes a query. Here we describe ... -
Estimating Risk and Rate Levels, Ratios and Differences in Case-Control Studies
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2002)Classic (or ‘cumulative’) case-control sampling designs do not admit inferences about quantities of interest other than risk ratios, and then only by making the rare events assumption. Probabilities, risk di erences and ... -
Estimating the "Reversal Rate": What Is the Lower Bound of Monetary Policy?
(2017-07-14)This paper presents an estimate of the “reversal rate,” the rate below which expansionary monetary policy becomes contractionary for bank equity. Specifically, I define the reversal rate as the rate below which bank equity ... -
Estimating the Causal Effect of Chloroquine Treatment on Mortality in Malaria Patients Using Marginal Structural Models
(2018-06-29)Traditional methods of survival analysis to ascertain causal effects from RCT data are frequently biased. Our research explores the implementation of more robust statistical methods, namely marginal structural models (MSMs) ... -
Estimating the Causal Effects of Interventions for Covid-19 Prevention
(2023-06-01)The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) global pandemic has led to 6.9 million deaths worldwide as of May 3, 2023. It is caused by coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that was first ... -
Estimating the Column Density in Molecular Clouds with Far-Infrared and Submillimeter Emission Maps
(American Astronomical Society, 2006)We have used a numerical simulation of a turbulent cloud to synthesize maps of the thermal emission from dust at a variety of far-IR and submillimeter wavelengths. The average column density and external radiation field ... -
Estimating the Effect of COVID-19 Interventions Using a Regression Discontinuity Design
(2022-03-08)Identifying the causal effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions for preventing the spread of COVID-19 is difficult because of the many variables that affect political leaders’ public-health decisions. In this thesis, I ... -
Estimating the Electoral Consequences of Legislative Redistricting
(American Statistical Association, 1990)We analyze the effects of redistricting as revealed in the votes received by the Democratic and Republican candidates for state legislature. We develop measures of partisan bias and the responsiveness of the composition ... -
Estimating the Equity Premium
(Blackwell Publishing, 2008)Finance theory restricts the time-series behaviour of valuation ratios and links the cross-section of stock prices to the level of the equity premium. This can be used to strengthen the evidence for predictability in stock ... -
Estimating the Health Effects of Environmental Exposures: Statistical Methods for the Analysis of Spatio-temporal Data
(2013-10-08)In the field of environmental epidemiology, there is a great deal of care required in constructing models that accurately estimate the effects of environmental exposures on human health. This is because the nature of the ... -
Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering
(MIT Press, 2009)We estimate the impact on pilgrims of performing the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca. Our method compares successful and unsuccessful applicants in a lottery used by Pakistan to allocate Hajj visas. Pilgrim accounts stress that ... -
Estimating the Parameters of Sagittarius A*'s Accretion Flow Via Millimeter Vlbi
(American Astronomical Society, 2009)Recent millimeter-VLBI observations of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) have, for the first time, directly probed distances comparable to the horizon scale of a black hole. This provides unprecedented access to the environment ... -
Estimating the Probability of Events that Have Never Occurred: When is Your Vote Decisive?
(American Statistical Association, 1998)Researchers sometimes argue that statisticians have little to contribute when few realizations of the process being estimated are observed. We show that this argument is incorrect even in the extreme situation of estimating ... -
Estimating the Spin of Stellar-Mass Black Holes by Spectral Fitting of the X-Ray Continuum
(American Astronomical Society, 2005)We fit X-ray spectral data in the thermal-dominant, or high-soft, state of two dynamically confirmed black holes, GRO J1655-40 and 4U 1543-47, and estimate the dimensionless spin parameters a* a/M of the two holes. For ... -
Estimating the Spins of Stellar-Mass Black Holes by Fitting Their Continuum Spectra
(AIP Publishing, 2008)We have used the Novikov‐Thorne thin disk model to fit the continuum X‐ray spectra of three transient black hole X‐ray binaries in the thermal state. From the fits we estimate the dimensionless spin parameters of the black ...