This article considers the fundamentals of what happens in a solid when it is impacted by a medium-energy gallium ion. The study of the ion/sample interaction at the nanometer scale is applicable to most focused ion beam ...

Objective: The funds available for global surgical delivery, capacity building and research are unknown and presumed to be low. Meanwhile, conditions amenable to surgery are estimated to account for nearly 30% of the global ...

Dating of fungal divergences with molecular clocks thus far has yielded highly inconsistent results. The origin of fungi was estimated at between 660 million and up to 2.15 billion y ago, and the divergence of the two major ...

New fossil discoveries on Flores, Indonesia, bolster the evidence that Homo floresiensiswas a dwarfed human species that lived at the end of the last ice age. But the species’ evolutionary origins remain obscure.

We describe procedures for (a) assessing the heterogeneity of a set of effect sixes derived from a meta-analysis, (b) testing for trends by means of contrasts among the effect sizes obtained, and (c) evaluating the practical ...

Mutations in the RNA-binding protein FUS have been shown to cause the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We investigate whether mutant FUS protein in ALS patient–derived fibroblasts affects ...

We present novel applications and analysis of the use of sparse coding within the con- text of machine learning. We first present Sparse Coding Trees (SC-trees), a sparse coding-based framework for resolving classification ...

Central bank cooperation depends on a few crucial parameters: the extent to which central bankers agree on theory (end means relationships); the extent to which they can agree on goals (social purpose); the capacity ...