Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "biogeography"
Now showing items 1-20 of 20
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A Complete Generic Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae Inferred from Nucleotide Sequence Data and Morphology
(Botanical Society of America, 2010)Premise of the study: The Malpighiaceae include ∼1300 tropical flowering plant species in which generic definitions and intergeneric relationships have long been problematic. The goals of our study were to resolve relationships ... -
Ecological Patterns and Processes in Sarracenia Carnivorous Pitcher Plant Fungi
(2012-10-31)The kingdom Fungi is taxonomically and ecologically diverse, containing an estimated 1.5 million species. Fungi include decomposers, pathogens, and plant and animal mutualists. Many fungi are microorganisms, and the processes ... -
The evolutionary and biogeographic history of the armoured harvestmen - Laniatores phylogeny based on ten molecular markers, with the description of two new families of Opiliones (Arachnida)
(CSIRO Publishing, 2011)We investigated the internal phylogeny of Laniatores, the most diverse suborder of Opiliones, using sequence data from 10 molecular loci: 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), ... -
Evolutionary and Biogeographical History of an Ancient and Global Group of Arachnids (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi) with a New Taxonomic Arrangement
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)We investigate the phylogeny, biogeography, time of origin and diversification, ancestral area reconstruction and large-scale distributional patterns of an ancient group of arachnids, the harvestman suborder Cyphophthalmi. ... -
Explosive Evolution of an Ancient Group of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) in the Balkan Peninsula
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2009)Aim: To investigate the phylogeny of the genus Cyphophthalmus in the Balkan Peninsula and to test the current recognition of ‘phyletic lines’ and phylogenetic groups proposed in previous studies in order to elucidate the ... -
Finding Patterns in Nature: Asa Gray's Plant Geography and Collecting Networks (1830s-1860s)
(2013-10-18)It is well known that American botanist Asa Gray's 1859 paper on the floristic similarities between Japan and the United States was among the earliest applications of Charles Darwin's evolutionary theory in plant geography. ... -
The First Phylogenetic Analysis of Palpigradi (Arachnida)—The Most Enigmatic Arthropod Order
(CSIRO Publishing, 2014)Palpigradi are a poorly understood group of delicate arachnids, often found in caves or other subterranean habitats. Concomitantly, they have been neglected from a phylogenetic point of view. Here we present the first ... -
Gene Transfer from a Parasitic Flowering Plant to a Fern
(Royal Society of London, 2011)The rattlesnake fern (Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw.) is obligately mycotrophic and widely distributed across the northern hemisphere. Three mitochondrial gene regions place this species with other ferns in Ophioglossaceae, ... -
Global Diversity in Light of Climate Change: the Case of Ants
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)Aim: To use a fine-grained global model of ant diversity to identify the limits of our knowledge of diversity in the context of climate change. Location: Global. Methods: We applied generalized linear modelling to a ... -
Hedgehogs (Erinaceidae, Lipotyphla) from the Miocene of Pakistan, with description of a new species of Galerix
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2015)Hedgehogs (erinaceid insectivores) are a common element in Miocene small mammal faunas of Pakistan, but little material has been formally described. Here, we report on extensive collections from numerous localities across ... -
High-latitude Tertiary Migrations of an Exclusively Tropical Clade: Evidence from Malpighiaceae
(University of Chicago Press, 2004)Explanations of tropical intercontinental disjunctions involving South America and Africa typically invoke vicariance of western Gondwanan biotas or long-distance dispersal. However, many plant groups originated and ... -
A molecular phylogenetic approach to the New Zealand species of Enantiobuninae (Opiliones : Eupnoi : Neopilionidae)
(CSIRO Publishing, 2014)Members of the New Zealand Enantiobuninae constitute some of the most charismatic soil arthropods of the archipelago, and a striking example of sexual dimorphism, with nondescript females but colourful males boasting ... -
An Old Lineage of Cyphophthalmi (Opiliones) Discovered on Mindanao Highlights the Need for Biogeographical Research in the Philippines
(American Arachnological Society, 2011)The arachnid order Opiliones, and the suborder Cyphophthalmi in particular, have recently been used to test biogeographical patterns in Southeast Asia due to their ancient age and extremely low vagility. Here we report the ... -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Torreya (Taxaceae) Inferred from Sequences of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA ITS Region
(Harvard University Herbaria, 2001)Torreya, composed of five to seven species, is distributed disjunctly in easten Asia and the eastern and western United States. In this study, interspecific relationships of Torreya were examined on the basis of sequences ... -
A Phylogenetic Study of the Genus Cookeina
(New York Botanical Garden, 2002)<i>Cookeina</i>, with seven recognized species, is one of the commonly encountered genera of the Sarcoscyphaceae (Pezizales) in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. Morphologically the species are distinguished ... -
Phylogeny and Biogeography of Taxus (Taxaceae) Inferred from Sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA
(Harvard University Herbaria, 2001)Species of Taxus, particularly Taxus baccata, have long been cultivated as ornamentals in Europe and North America. Ten species of Taxus are generally recognized, but phylogenetic relationships among these species remain ... -
Phylogeny and Palaeoecology of Polyommatus Blue Butterflies Show Beringia Was a Climate-Regulated Gateway to the New World.
(Royal Society, 2011)Transcontinental dispersals by organisms usually represent improbable events that constitute a major challenge for biogeographers. By integrating molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and palaeoecology, we test a ... -
Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae: Evidence from Chloroplast NDHF and TRNL-F Nucleotide Sequences
(Botanical Society Of America, 2001)The Malpighiaceae are a family of similar to ~1250 species of predominantly New World tropical flowering plants. Infrafamilial classification has long been based on fruit characters. Phylogenetic analyses of chloroplast ... -
A Species Tree for the Australo-Papuan Fairy-Wrens and Allies (Aves: Maluridae)
(Oxford University Press, 2012)We explored the efficacy of species tree methods at the family level in birds, using the Australo-Papuan Fairy-wrens (Passeriformes: Maluridae) as a model system. Fairy-wrens of the genus Malurus are known for high intensities ... -
Systematics, evolution and development in Opiliones (Arachnida)
(2013-10-08)This dissertation investigates evolutionary relationships within a diverse and ancient group of arachnids, the order Opiliones, with emphasis on relationships within the suborder Laniatores. Laniatorid harvestmen encompass ...