Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "Cell Processes"

Now showing items 1-12 of 12

    • Cationic Peptide Exposure Enhances Pulsed-Electric-Field-Mediated Membrane Disruption 

      Kennedy, Stephen M.; Aiken, Erik J.; Beres, Kaytlyn A.; Hahn, Adam R.; Kamin, Samantha J.; Hagness, Susan C.; Booske, John H.; Murphy, William L. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: The use of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) to irreversibly electroporate cells is a promising approach for destroying undesirable cells. This approach may gain enhanced applicability if the intensity of the PEF ...

    • The Evolution of Quorum Sensing as a Mechanism to Infer Kinship 

      Schluter, Jonas; Schoech, Armin P.; Foster, Kevin R.; Mitri, Sara (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Bacteria regulate many phenotypes via quorum sensing systems. Quorum sensing is typically thought to evolve because the regulated cooperative phenotypes are only beneficial at certain cell densities. However, quorum sensing ...

    • Missense Mutations Allow a Sequence-Blind Mutant of SpoIIIE to Successfully Translocate Chromosomes during Sporulation 

      Bose, Baundauna; Reed, Sydney E.; Besprozvannaya, Marina; Burton, Briana M. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      SpoIIIE directionally pumps DNA across membranes during Bacillus subtilis sporulation and vegetative growth. The sequence-reading domain (γ domain) is required for directional DNA transport, and its deletion severely impairs ...

    • Morphogenic Protein RodZ Interacts with Sporulation Specific SpoIIE in Bacillus subtilis 

      Muchová, Katarína; Chromiková, Zuzana; Bradshaw, Niels; Wilkinson, Anthony J.; Barák, Imrich (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The first landmark in sporulation of Bacillus subtilis is the formation of an asymmetric septum followed by selective activation of the transcription factor σF in the resulting smaller cell. How the morphological transformations ...

    • Phenotypic Heterogeneity and the Evolution of Bacterial Life Cycles 

      van Gestel, Jordi; Nowak, Martin A. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Most bacteria live in colonies, where they often express different cell types. The ecological significance of these cell types and their evolutionary origin are often unknown. Here, we study the evolution of cell differentiation ...

    • Polycomb-Mediated Repression and Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Interact to Regulate Merkel Cell Specification during Skin Development 

      Perdigoto, Carolina N.; Dauber, Katherine L.; Bar, Carmit; Tsai, Pai-Chi; Valdes, Victor J.; Cohen, Idan; Santoriello, Francis J.; Zhao, Dejian; Zheng, Deyou; Hsu, Ya-Chieh; Ezhkova, Elena (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      An increasing amount of evidence indicates that developmental programs are tightly regulated by the complex interplay between signaling pathways, as well as transcriptional and epigenetic processes. Here, we have uncovered ...

    • A Predictive Model for Yeast Cell Polarization in Pheromone Gradients 

      Muller, Nicolas; Piel, Matthieu; Calvez, Vincent; Voituriez, Raphaël; Gonçalves-Sá, Joana; Guo, Chin-Lin; Jiang, Xingyu; Murray, Andrew; Meunier, Nicolas (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Budding yeast cells exist in two mating types, a and α, which use peptide pheromones to communicate with each other during mating. Mating depends on the ability of cells to polarize up pheromone gradients, but cells also ...

    • Quantifying Clonal and Subclonal Passenger Mutations in Cancer Evolution 

      Bozic, Ivana; Gerold, Jeffrey M.; Nowak, Martin A. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The vast majority of mutations in the exome of cancer cells are passengers, which do not affect the reproductive rate of the cell. Passengers can provide important information about the evolutionary history of an individual ...

    • Rabies Internalizes into Primary Peripheral Neurons via Clathrin Coated Pits and Requires Fusion at the Cell Body 

      Piccinotti, Silvia; Whelan, Sean P. J. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The single glycoprotein (G) of rabies virus (RABV) dictates all viral entry steps from receptor engagement to membrane fusion. To study the uptake of RABV into primary neuronal cells in culture, we generated a recombinant ...

    • Resolving Discrepant Findings on ANGPTL8 in β-Cell Proliferation: A Collaborative Approach to Resolving the Betatrophin Controversy 

      Cox, Aaron R.; Barrandon, Ornella; Cai, Erica P.; Rios, Jacqueline S.; Chavez, Julia; Bonnyman, Claire W.; Lam, Carol J.; Yi, Peng; Melton, Douglas A.; Kushner, Jake A. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The β-cell mitogenic effects of ANGPTL8 have been subjected to substantial debate. The original findings suggested that ANGPTL8 overexpression in mice induced a 17-fold increase in β-cell proliferation. Subsequent studies ...

    • RNA Stimulates Aurora B Kinase Activity during Mitosis 

      Jambhekar, Ashwini; Emerman, Amy B.; Schweidenback, Caterina T. H.; Blower, Michael D. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Accurate chromosome segregation is essential for cell viability. The mitotic spindle is crucial for chromosome segregation, but much remains unknown about factors that regulate spindle assembly. Recent work implicates RNA ...

    • The Role of Muscle microRNAs in Repairing the Neuromuscular Junction 

      Valdez, Gregorio; Heyer, Mary P.; Feng, Guoping; Sanes, Joshua R. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      microRNAs have been implicated in mediating key aspects of skeletal muscle development and responses to diseases and injury. Recently, we demonstrated that a synaptically enriched microRNA, miR-206, functions to promote ...