Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "Epidemiology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 116
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Abortion and postpartum care in the context of new governmental policies: Quantitative assessments of barriers and facilitators to equitable, quality care
(2023-06-01)While pregnant, individuals are susceptible to specific pregnancy-related health outcomes, and at the same time pregnancy can exacerbate pre-existing health conditions and cause other long-term, chronic conditions. Pregnancies ... -
Acculturation and Endocrine Disrupting Chemical-Associated Personal Care Product Use Among US-Based Foreign-Born Chinese Women of Reproductive Age
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-11-24)Background: Personal care products (PCPs) are an important source of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) linked to adverse reproductive health outcomes. Objective: We evaluated EDC-associated PCP use and acculturation ... -
Adolescent mental health: influences of early life adversity, pubertal timing, and sleep
(2023-11-21)Adolescence is a time marked by physiological change and dynamic socioemotional development. It is also a period of changes to sleep patterns and a sharp increase in incident psychiatric conditions. Nationally representative ... -
Adverse Birth Outcomes in Botswana: Findings from the Tsepamo Study
(2023-08-08)The Botswana-Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership (BHP) was formed in 1996 between the Government of Botswana’s Ministry of Health and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Research conducted under this partnership ... -
Air Pollution and Morbidity: A Comprehensive Assessment
(2020-09-25)As developing countries continue to industrialize and the effects of climate change begin to manifest, air pollution continues to be the greatest environmental risk factor to health and research in this area continues to ... -
Ambient Exposures and Population Mental Health in the U.S.
(2022-01-14)Mental health is one important aspect of a healthy life. Emerging evidence has shown that the total ambient environment is shaping human brain health, which may further lead to adverse population mental health. In the ... -
Anemia at the Initiation of Tuberculosis Therapy Is Associated with Delayed Sputum Conversion among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis and anemia are both prevalent in Tanzania. There is limited and inconsistent literature on the association between anemia and sputum conversion following tuberculosis treatment. Methods: ... -
Application of novel technologies to cardiovascular prevention
(2024-01-11)This dissertation aimed to employ advanced methodologies in machine learning (ML), causal inference, and metabolomics in epidemiological research to contribute to the field of CVD prevention. First, quantifying sodium ... -
Assessing relationships between discrimination and health: emphasis on measurement and methodology
(2021-07-12)Research investigating relationships between discrimination and health has grown over the past two decades, establishing a body of evidence that documents the adverse health outcomes associated with inequitable systems. ... -
The association between smoking and subsequent suicide-related outcomes in the National Comorbidity Survey panel sample
(Springer Nature, 2008)Controversy exists about whether the repeatedly-documented associations between smoking and subsequent suicide-related outcomes (SROs; ideation, plans, gestures, and attempts) are due to unmeasured common causes or to ... -
Associations of Suboptimal Growth with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Children under Five Years: A Pooled Analysis of Ten Prospective Studies
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Child undernutrition affects millions of children globally. We investigated associations between suboptimal growth and mortality by pooling large studies. Methods: Pooled analysis involving children 1 week to ... -
Bias bounds and target trials for causal inference in observational epidemiology
(2021-05-13)Observational epidemiology is critical for understanding population health but requires careful consideration of possible biases. Tools for avoiding and managing these biases are essential. This dissertation describes and ... -
Birth Matters: Examining Contextual Risk and Protective Factors for Maternal Postpartum Depression
(2023-06-01)The transition into motherhood can be a challenging time for many women as they traverse the vast physical, social, and emotional changes that occur during pregnancy, birth, and the postpartum period. Postpartum depression ... -
Care Work in the Woodwork: Medicaid Home Care and Family Caregivers’ Health
(2021-09-16)Family caregivers provide the majority of eldercare in the United States, yet little is known about how eldercare policy affects their health. For several decades, research has shown that family caregivers experience ... -
Causal Inference in Health Services Research
(2020-09-11)In Chapter 1, we introduce a common subject of health services research, the "volume-outcomes relationship," or the study of the relationship between patient outcomes and hospital and/or physician case volume. We describe ... -
Causal Inference in Psychiatry Research
(2022-05-16)In Chapter 1, we show how to emulate a hypothetical randomized trial ("target trial") that would answer our questions about the comparative effectiveness of complex dynamic treatment strategies in major depression using ... -
Causal Inference with Limited Resources
(2022-03-17)Constraints on treatment resources present problems in many practical settings. For example, during the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, several health care systems have experienced shortages of ventilators, ... -
Causal Propositions on Air Pollution and Human Health
(2021-01-20)Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are considered leading threats to human health, largely based on historical associations calculated from traditional statistical analyses. These studies ... -
Causal Selection of Covariates in Regression Calibration for Mismeasured Continuous Exposure
(2023-03-14)Regression calibration has been used to correct for the bias in causal effect due to measurement error in continuous exposures, but no systematic discussion exists on how to determine covariates appropriate in measurement ... -
Changing patterns of social inequalities in anaemia among women in India: cross-sectional study using nationally representative data
(BMJ Group, 2013)Objectives: To examine the patterns of social inequalities in anaemia over time among women of reproductive age in India. Design: Repeated cross-sectional study using nationally representative data from the 1998/1999 and ...