Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "Geology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 25
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A Portrait of Terrestrial Volatile Evolution From Mantle Noble Gases
(2016-10-31)Volatile elements and compounds provide important insights into large-scale planetary and tectonic processes. The chapters in this thesis exploit the wealth of information provided by noble gas measurements to address a ... -
Active deformation over multiple earthquake cycles in the southern Junggar fold and-thrust belt, NW China and fractured reservoir characterization using 3D geomechanical restorations
(2016-05-19)This dissertation investigates natural deformation processes over multiple earthquake cycles in the seismically active, southern Junggar basin, NW China and additionally explores the capabilities of 3D geomechanical ... -
Comparison and Calibration of Climate Proxy Data in Medieval Europe
(2017-10-13)Two major sources of information on paleoclimate are historical documentary and scientific paleo proxy data. Recently, interdisciplinary research groups have sought to mesh historical and scientific data to gain a ... -
Constraints on Global Carbon Cycling, Basin Formation, and Early Animal Evolution During the Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian
(2015-09-25)Within this dissertation, I document different time intervals during the Neoproterozoic through the early Cambrian (1000 – 525 Ma), one of the most dynamic and non-uniformitarian intervals in the history of the Earth. This ... -
The Elemental Composition of Demospongiae from the Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Trace elements are vital for the growth and development of all organisms. Little is known about the elemental content and trace metal biology of Red Sea demosponges. This study establishes an initial database of sponge ... -
Environmental Controls on Microbial Ecophysiology
(2021-08-31)Geobiology is the study of the interactions between the living and non-living components of an environment. Microbes are vital members of the Earth’s biosphere and their diverse metabolisms allow them to catalyze electron ... -
Evaluating Potential Linkages of the Pitas Point and Ventura Fault Systems, California: Implications for Seismic Hazards
(2017-07-14)The offshore Pitas Point and onshore Ventura faults are aligned along strike, which has led some in the geological community to propose their connection at depth. However, this connection requires that onshore and offshore ... -
Exploring the composition and mineralogy of the mantle with stable isotopes and machine learning
(2023-06-01)Since its origin more than 4.5 billion years ago, the Earth has undergone a dynamic evolution driven by the slow cooling of its interior. Two-way mass exchange between its interior (i.e., the mantle) and exterior reservoirs ... -
Integrated Tree-Ring-Radiocarbon High-Resolution Timeframe to Resolve Earlier Second Millennium BCE Mesopotamian Chronology
(Public Library of Science, 2016)500 years of ancient Near Eastern history from the earlier second millennium BCE, including such pivotal figures as Hammurabi of Babylon, Šamši-Adad I (who conquered Aššur) and Zimrilim of Mari, has long floated in calendar ... -
Large-Scale Mantle Structure Observed Through the Lens of Geodynamical Processes
(2017-04-24)This thesis aims to further our understanding of mantle dynamics by investigating two fundamental parameters that govern such motion: density and viscosity. The variation of mantle density and viscosity dictates the ... -
Large-scale mid-depth ocean dynamics: eastern boundary MOC return flows and interior stratification
(2022-05-03)The large-scale Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) in the Atlantic Ocean involves surface northward transport to the northern North Atlantic and a southward return flow at mid-depth of the North Atlantic Deep Water ... -
Mineral Lands, Mineral Empire: Mapping the Raw Materials of US Industrial Capitalism, 1780-1880
(2023-09-12)Who found the raw materials of the industrial revolution and how did they find them? The expansion of industrial capitalism depended on the increasingly intense exploitation of mineral lands. But key industrial resources—coal, ... -
Multiple Sulfur Isotope Applications in Diagenetic Models and Geochemical Proxy Records
(2016-09-09)Many of the long-term geochemical fluxes influencing the surface sulfur cycle are microbially catalyzed and a substantial portion of active S cycling occurs in organic-rich continental margin sediments. Stable S isotopes ... -
The Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic Tectonic and Environmental Evolution of Alaska and Northwest Canada
(2015-05-04)Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic sedimentary deposits of the North American Cordillera record large fluctuations in global biogeochemical cycles, the establishment and diversification of multiple eukaryotic clades, the ... -
Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic Geology of Southwestern Mongolia
(2016-05-10)The Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic evolution of global climate, tectonics, ocean geochemistry, and biological diversification are recorded in stratigraphic successions globally. The rock record of southwestern Mongolia has ... -
On the Time Scale Structure of Climate Variability and Response
(2016-12-15)This thesis analyzes several aspects pertaining to the time scale structure of climate variability and the temperature response to external radiative forcing. The analysis begins with an examination of the structure of ... -
Paleomagnetic and Geochronologic Constraints on the Neoproterozoic Tectonics and Climate of the Western Margin of Laurentia
(2017-05-16)This dissertation focuses on three unique but complementary projects related to Neoproterozoic (1000-542 Ma) tectonics and climate of western North America (Laurentia). I have 1) isolated paleomagnetic evidence for crustal ... -
Patterns of syntectonic sedimentation in actively growing fault-related folds and its application to earthquake hazard assessment in southern California and reservoir characterization in deepwater depositional systems
(2021-05-12)This thesis investigates the use of growth stratigraphy in deepwater environments to determine fault kinematics and reservoir distribution in the Niger Delta and assess earthquake hazards associated with blind-thrust faults ... -
Pleistocene to Modern Deformation of the Central Los Angeles Basin
(2015-09-02)We combine the principles of sequence stratigraphy and syntectonic (growth) stratigraphy to assess deformation of the central Los Angeles (LA) basin from the late Pleistocene to the present. Sequence stratigraphy provides ... -
The Strontium Isotope Record of Zavkhan Terrane Carbonates: Strontium Isotope Stability Through the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition
(2015-04-08)First order trends in the strontium isotopic (87Sr/86Sr) composition of seawater are controlled by radiogenic inputs from the continent and non-radiogenic inputs from exchange at mid-ocean ridges. Carbonates precipitated ...