The major element, trace element, and isotopic composition of mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses affected by the Azores hotspot are strongly correlated with H2O content of the glass. Distinguishing the relative importance of ...

Abrupt, switch-like, changes in sea ice cover are proposed as a mechanism for the large-amplitude abrupt warming that seemed to have occurred after each Heinrich event. Sea ice changes are also used to explain the ...

A new chronology of glaciation, spanning the last 780,000 years, is estimated from 21 marine sediment cores using depth as a proxy for time. To avoid biasing this ‘‘depth-derived’’ age estimate, the depth scale is first ...

Volcanic glasses contained in distal fallout tephras from the Izu arc volcanic front (Izu VF) provide unique perspectives on general problems of arc volcanism. Unlike cogenetic lavas, these glasses are liquid compositions ...

Many important insights regarding the coupling among climate, erosion, and tectonics have come from numerical simulations using coupled tectonic and surface process models. However, analyses to date have left the strength ...

The characteristics of glacial oscillations changed drastically ~0.8Ma ago, at the ‘‘mid-Pleistocene transition’’. During the past 0.8Ma the ~100 kyr glacial–interglacial oscillations were strongly asymmetric (i.e., long ...

The clustering of earthquakes in time on the same fault affects the rate and pattern of interseismic deformation. We develop a simple analytic viscoelastic model of the surface velocity field through a clustered earthquake ...

Rapid and extensive growth of sea ice cover was suggested to play a major role in the sea ice switch mechanism for the glacial cycles as well as on shorter millennial scales [ Gildor and Tziperman, 2000 ]. This mechanism ...

The dependence of ENSO’s period on its amplitude is examined using a simple delayed oscillator model. This dependence is first calculated in the strongly nonlinear regime by extracting and analyzing unstable periodic orbits ...