Advances in DNA sequencing are creating new opportunities for studying the process of evolution. These measurements can be particularly useful for rapidly evolving microbial organisms, whose small size and fast generation ...

Evolution proceeds by the stochastic emergence and fixation of mutations over time. The dynamics of this process are well understood if beneficial mutations are sufficiently rare or the population is sufficiently small. ...

In the era of high-throughput genome sequencing, it has become possible to measure the genetic changes that drive evolution. These direct observations enable us to test both qualitative and quantitative hypotheses about ...