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Optimization of Gene Expression by Natural Selection
(National Academy of Sciences, 2009)
It is generally assumed that stabilizing selection promoting a phenotypic optimum acts to shape variation in quantitative traits across individuals and species. Although gene expression represents an intensively studied ...
Prelife Catalysts and Replicators
(Royal Society, The, 2009)
Life is based on replication and evolution. But replication cannot be taken for granted. We must ask what there was prior to replication and evolution. How does evolution begin? We have proposed prelife as a generative ...
Originator Dynamics
(Elsevier, 2009)
We study the origin of evolution. Evolution is based on replication, mutation, and selection. But how does evolution begin? When do chemical kinetics turn into evolutionary dynamics? We propose “prelife” and “prevolution” ...
Direct Reciprocity with Costly Punishment: Generous Tit-for-Tat Prevails
(Elsevier, 2009)
The standard model for direct reciprocity is the repeated Prisoner's Dilemma, where in each round players choose between cooperation and defection. Here we extend the standard framework to include costly punishment. Now ...
Stepwise Acquisition of Pyrimethamine Resistance in the Malaria Parasite
(National Academy of Sciences, 2009)
The spread of high-level pyrimethamine resistance in Africa threatens to curtail the therapeutic lifetime of antifolate antimalarials. We studied the possible evolutionary pathways in the evolution of pyrimethamine resistance ...
Breed Differences in Domestic Dogs' (Canis familiaris) Comprehension of Human Communicative Signals
(John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009)
Recent research suggests that some human-like social skills evolved in dogs (Canis familiaris) during domestication as an incidental by-product of selection for “tame” forms of behavior. It is still possible, however, that ...
Identification of Conserved Aquilegia Coerulea MicroRNAs and Their Targets
(Elsevier, 2009)
Aquilegia is an emerging model organism that is phylogenetically intermediate between the core eudicot and monocot models, Arabidopsis and Oryza. In this study, we have used a comparative genomics approach to identify 45 ...
The Cost of Gene Expression Underlies a Fitness Trade-Off in Yeast
(National Academy of Sciences, 2009)
Natural selection optimizes an organism's genotype within the context of its environment. Adaptations to one environment can decrease fitness in another, revealing evolutionary trade-offs. Here, we show that the cost of ...