Browsing HMS Theses and Dissertations by Issue Date
Now showing items 21-40 of 506
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Humanitarian aid after the 2010 Haitian earthquake: the case of accompaniment
(2014-10-15)Background After the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, there was a significant need for basic services such as health, water, food, sanitation, school, protection and security in the largest camp in Port-au-Prince, Park Jean Marie ... -
Estimating Effects of Poverty on the Survival of HIV Patients on ART and Food Supplementation in Rural Haiti: A Comparative Evaluation of Socio-Economic Indicators
(2014-10-15)Background: Because economic conditions are both a risk factor for disease and may themselves be objectives for health delivery interventions, monitoring changes in economic outcomes has become a routine priority for health ... -
Assessment of Barriers of Contraceptive Use in Rural Burundi: A Mixed Methods Study
(2014-10-15)Burundi’s high maternal and child mortality is caused in part by the high fertility rate, prompted by low rate of contraceptive use. Available sources report a contraceptive use of 18% among married women, but this excludes ... -
FRS2 Is an Oncogene in High Grade Ovarian Cancer
(2015-05-13)Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of gynecologic cancer death in the United States. Despite aggressive surgical cytoreduction and chemotherapy, ovarian cancer remains one of the most lethal cancer types due to advanced ... -
Nanoparticle-Enhanced Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Atheroma Detects Thrombosis-Prone Plaques Prior to Rupture
(2015-05-13)Introduction: Acute coronary syndromes - including unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction and sudden death - are primarily due to sudden luminal thrombosis from disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque. It has been ... -
Outcomes of Laparotomy at a Large Referral Center in Rwanda
(2015-05-13)Background: A large burden of surgical disease is found in low- to middle-income countries, but only 3.5% of the 234 million major operative procedures performed annually in LMICs due to many challenges. Rwanda faces similar ... -
Regulation of Chromatin Remodeling: Linker DNA and Histones
(2015-05-13)ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes (remodelers) regulate access to genomic DNA by reading epigenetic marks such as histone modifications and using the energy of ATP hydrolysis to assemble, reposition, disassemble, ... -
Epigenetic Dysregulation in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: Advancing Approaches to Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Targeting
(2015-05-13)BACKGROUND: Evidence is rapidly accumulating that epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and demethylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, may play a central role in the pathobiology of melanoma. ... -
Neural Circuit Mechanisms Underlying the Exacerbation of Alzheimer’s Disease by Chronic Stress
(2015-05-13)Both epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated a strong association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression and anxiety, and chronic psychological stress. The neurophysiological ... -
Multicenter Phase IB/II Study of AdV-Tk, a Gene-Mediated Cytotoxic Immunotherapy, Adjuvant to Surgical Resection for Patients With Newly Diagnosed High Grade Glioma
(2015-05-13)Purpose: The prognosis for malignant gliomas is poor, and overall survival remains less than 15 months despite improved diagnostic and treatment techniques, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic options. This ... -
Use of PD-1, CD1a, and S-100 in Differentiating Pseudolymphomatous Folliculitis and Indolent Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphomas
(2015-05-13)Background: Pseudolymphomatous folliculitis (PLF) is a non-neoplastic lymphoid proliferation that clinically and histopathologically mimics primary cutaneous extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid ... -
Multi-Unit Activity in the Human Cortex as a Predictor of Seizure Onset
(2015-05-13)Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting 50 million people worldwide. It consists of a large number of syndromes, all of which are characterized by a predisposition to recurrent, unprovoked seizures, while differing ... -
Higher Rates of Packed Red Blood Cell and Fresh Frozen Plasma Transfusion are Associated with Increased Death and Complication in Non-Massively Transfused Patients: An Explanation for the Increased Burden of Morbidity and Mortality in Emergency General Surgery Patients
(2015-05-13)INTRODUCTION: Morbidity and mortality (M&M) rates are exceedingly high among emergency general surgery (EGS) patients. The underlying cause is unclear. METHODS: (1) Using the American College of Surgery National Surgical ... -
Patterns of Injury and Indicators of Abuse in Young Children With Forearm Fractures
(2015-05-13)This retrospective study describes the patterns of injury among young children with forearm fractures in order to identify factors that should raise suspicion for child abuse. Electronic medical records were reviewed for ... -
Idiopathic Vitritis: An Elusive Complication of Boston Keratoprosthesis Surgery
(2015-05-13)Introduction: An idiopathic inflammation of the vitreous humor, “sterile vitritis,” has been observed in some keratoprosthesis recipients, typically months to years after implantation. Its etiology is unclear. Potential ... -
Determinants of Embryonic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Emergence and Maturation
(2015-05-13)Advances in understanding the developmental origins of hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs)—precisely the molecular mechanisms promoting their emergence and maturation—may lead to derivation of personalized HSCs, circumventing ... -
Improving Emergency Obstetric Referrals: A Mixed Methods Study of Barriers and Solutions in Assin North, Ghana
(2015-05-13)Background: Women in developing countries often face serious health risks during pregnancy and delivery due to poor access to early and appropriate referrals. Despite studies that show clear linkages between timely referrals ... -
Sleep Disordered Breathing and Sleep Duration and the Risk of Psoriasis and Melanoma in the United States
(2015-05-13)Sleep disordered breathing (snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)) has been associated with negative health outcomes including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and reduced quality of life, presumably due to ... -
Fluorous Drug-Affinity Proteomics for Cancer Drug Discovery
(2015-05-13)Identifying the intracellular targets of small molecules – target ID – is a major problem in chemical biology with broad application to the discovery and development of novel therapies. Traditional target ID studies have ... -
Understanding the Genetic Susceptibility and Epidemiologic Risk Factors of Intracranial Aneurysms
(2015-05-13)Background and Objectives Intracranial aneurysms affect up to 3% of the population and carry a high mortality and morbidity prognosis when presented with aneurysm rupture and spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). ...