Browsing SPH Theses and Dissertations by Title
Now showing items 195-214 of 255
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rDNA and Heterochromatin in the Genome: Experiments in Drosophila and implications for human health
(2018-09-05)Genomic DNA is generally comprised of two types of chromatin: euchromatin, associated with active gene transcription, and heterochromatin, associated with silenced and often repetitive DNA. Heterochromatin comprises not ... -
Reaching the Unreachable: Insuring the Remaining Uninsured in Massachusetts
(2018-04-30)Massachusetts led the country with its 2006 health care reform initiative and, over the past twelve years, has made tremendous progress in insuring the uninsured. It has successfully reduced the percent of those without ... -
Relation of Dietary Healthfulness to Food Environmental Impact
(2016-01-19)Recent discussions in the literature have suggested that reducing the consumption of foods with high associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and impacts on global water resources, such as meat and dairy foods, and replacing ... -
Reproductive and Hormonal Factors in Relation to Ovarian Cancer Risk and Survival
(2016-05-03)Ovarian cancer etiology is not fully elucidated and few modifiable risk factors have been identified. Ovarian cancer treatment has changed over time; however, survival is still poor. I investigated reproductive and hormonal ... -
Risk Factors for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
(2015-09-29)Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive debilitating disease of the upper and lower motor neurons. Median survival of ALS patients is consistently estimated at between 2-3 years from symptom onset, with some ... -
Risk Factors of IVF Success: Examining Extracellular Vesicle microRNAs in Ovarian Follicles as a Mechanistic Link
(2018-09-04)Infertility is influenced by a broad range of physical, hormonal, genetic and environmental stressors. Little attention, however, has been devoted to understanding how exposures, such as phthalates and phenols, and modifiable ... -
Risks, interventions, and costs in early life health and development
(2018-04-20)Reductions in child mortality over the past decades have been impressive globally. With declining mortality rates, interest in child development has been increasing. However, evidence on the magnitude of the burden of poor ... -
‘Rona Cyah Cancel Embodied Black Joy: An Emancipatory Inquiry and Experience Design Exploration of Positive Health and Wellbeing; Pleasure, Healing, and Liberation; and Equitable Change in Carnival in the Caribbean
(2021-06-10)As a spi(ritual) practice and experience rooted in celebrating the resistance, emancipation, and cultural traditions of enslaved Black Africans, Carnival in the Caribbean epitomizes a desire for happier, freer, and healthier ... -
Seasonal Work, Interrupted Care: Maternal and Child Health Gaps of Brick Kiln Migrants in Bihar, India
(2018-05-01)In India nearly 40% of the population is considered a migrant, yet migration is poorly understood and not prioritized in government policy. Seasonal migrants represent a particularly vulnerable category of people who come ... -
Sleep Duration, Diet Quality and Type 2 Diabetes
(2015-04-27)Type 2 diabetes has reached epidemic proportions globally, and accumulating evidence suggests extremes of sleep duration increase risk. Diet may be an important mechanism, yet few studies examine prospective relationships ... -
Smoking and Obesity in a Social Context: What Is the Role of Stress?
(2015-09-30)Background: Smoking and obesity are the leading causes of preventable death in the United States and known cancer risk factors, yet the patterning of these conditions within low-income and immigrant populations is not well ... -
Social and Environmental Factors Related to Community Use in Massachusetts
(2015-09-29)The majority of children in the United States do not attain the recommended sixty minutes of daily physical activity. Opening up school facilities outside of school hours for use by the community has been suggested to ... -
Social and Intergenerational Determinants of Children’s Physical and Cognitive Development
(2015-09-14)Identifying the key determinants of poor developmental outcomes is critical in improving the lives of millions of children who suffer from poor physical growth and cognitive deficits. Much research suggests that early life ... -
Social and Psychological Factors in Cancer and Longevity
(2018-04-26)Health behaviors are frequently considered as risk factors for cancer and other diseases that contribute to premature mortality. Despite this consideration, the prevalence of many deleterious behaviors has remained constant ... -
Social Ecological Influences on Early Cannabis Initiation
(2018-04-18)Although the disease burden associated with cannabis is low, cannabis use may nonetheless have major implications for health and its social determinants across the life course. The likelihood of experiencing cannabis-related ... -
Social Network Influences on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes
(2018-03-07)Multiple contexts influence adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) outcomes, including peer groups, schools, and neighborhoods. Most empirical applications study these three contexts in isolation and the domains ... -
Social Support and Older Adult Health in China
(2017-09-22)Social support refers to the provision of support through the real or perceived existence of resources in social relationships, which is one of the main mechanisms through which social networks may influence health outcomes. ... -
The Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in India
(2018-01-22)Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in India. Yet, the evidence is sparse on how diabetes, hypertension, and predicted CVD risk vary between population groups in the country. This dissertation ... -
Sociodemographic Factors Influencing Island Food Consumption in the Pacific Islander Health Study
(2016-04-25)This dissertation explores the relationships between island food consumption, sociodemographic variables, and cardiovascular risk using data from the Pacific Islander Health Study (PIHS). Chapter 1 explores the associations ... -
Socioeconomic Status, Psychosocial Stress, and Mortality in the United States
(2018-04-25)Background: Socioeconomic status has a well-documented inverse association with morbidity and mortality. Psychosocial stress is one of the most frequently cited pathways hypothesized to drive social inequalities in health. ...