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Evaluating Approaches With the Potential to Improve Health Outcomes While Reducing Unnecessary Interventions in Infectious Disease Public Health
(2019-09-24)
We are increasingly tasked with improving value in healthcare. We wish to do more with less. More specifically, we aim to simultaneously improve health outcomes while reducing resource utilization, including unnecessary ...
The Relationship Between Maternal and Infant Diets and Nutritional Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa
(2019-10-07)
Globally, 149 million children under 5 years are stunted, 13.5% are underweight, and 49 million wasted, 17 million of them severely. Low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) are also ...
Innovation in Community-Based Health Promotion Programming: Reimagining the Greater Boston YMCA Diabetes Prevention Program
(2019-09-26)
Type 2 diabetes – the seventh leading cause of death in the United States – is a chronic condition that is generally preventable. In 2014, the YMCA of Greater Boston (Boston YMCA) launched a modified version of the ...
Environmental Chemicals, the Microbiome, and the Developing Brain
(2019-01-22)
While the link between in utero exposure to environmental chemicals and neurodevelopment has long been of interest to environmental epidemiologists, significant gaps remain in the literature, namely: 1) thousands of chemicals ...
Local Health System Responses to Climate Change: Lessons From Coastal Municipalities in the Philippines
(2019-09-26)
Climate change has now become humanity’s defining challenge, and its initial health effects are beginning to manifest in different parts of the world. International discourse and scholarship on the climate and health nexus ...
Diet, Lifestyle, and Hip Osteoarthritis in Women
(2019-01-23)
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent disease among aging adults, projected to soon affect nearly one billion people worldwide. It bears the hallmarks of structural joint changes leading to stiffness, pain, and a ...
Health System Quality and Improvement Strategies in Caring for People With HIV and Cardiovascular Diseases: Studies From Tanzania, Uganda, and China
(2019-10-09)
Delivery of health care services that meet evidence-based standards and are responsive to people’s health needs is core to achieving universal health coverage (UHC). Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have now overtaken ...
HIV Risk, Prevention and Testing in Sub-Saharan Africa: Mixed Methods Analysis
(2019-09-27)
This thesis explores cultural, social and economic determinants of HIV risk across three settings in sub-Saharan Africa. I use mixed methods of inquiry to examine how these contextual features inform HIV transmission, ...
Exposures and Health Effects of Ambient Particle Radioactivity
(2019-12-20)
While the effects of particulate matter (PM) on morbidity and mortality are well-established, the specific properties of PM responsible for these effects are still not completely understood. However, identifying the toxic ...
Out-of-Pocket Payments for Noncommunicable Disease Care: A Threat and Opportunity for Universal Health Coverage
(2019-09-20)
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are rising as a share of disease burden in low- and middle-income countries where out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are a major source of health financing. To realize universal health coverage ...