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Using Public Health Data to Monitor Killings by Law Enforcement in the United States
(2018-01-19)
Injuries inflicted by police constitute an important cause of death in the United States, yet public health data collection systems routinely undercount these incidents. This dissertation presents three epidemiologic studies ...
Vitamin D and Neurodegenerative Disease With Selected Topics Related to Correlated and Missing Outcome Data
(2015-09-15)
The following dissertation addresses of two themes: the role of vitamin D and neurodegenerative diseases and methodologic concepts related to correlated missing outcome data. In the first chapter, the relation between ...
Social and Intergenerational Determinants of Children’s Physical and Cognitive Development
(2015-09-14)
Identifying the key determinants of poor developmental outcomes is critical in improving the lives of millions of children who suffer from poor physical growth and cognitive deficits. Much research suggests that early life ...
Emulation of Target Trials to Study the Effectiveness and Safety of Medical Interventions
(2015-09-14)
Ideally, clinical guidelines would be informed by well-designed randomized experiments. However, it is generally not possible to conduct a randomized trial for every clinically relevant decision. Decision makers therefore ...
Egg Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
(2015-09-14)
Due to their cholesterol content, limiting egg intake has been widely recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, recent reports by the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Committee and AHA/ACC suggest that ...
Malaria Vector Control in Sub-Saharan Africa: Impact and Economic Evaluation of Larviciding
(2015-01-06)
The last decade witnessed the important scaled-up of malaria control interventions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). There is now renewed impetus to achieve the long-term goal of malaria elimination and reducing vectorial ...
Impact of Multiple Risk Factors and Preventive Interventions on Cardiovascular Diseases and Disparities
(2015-01-16)
Major cardiovascular risk factors have changed over the past 3-4 decades throughout the world. While adiposity and diabetes are rising worldwide, blood pressure and cholesterol are declining in high-income and even some ...
Confounding Adjustment in Comparative Studies of Newly Marketed Medications
(2015-01-20)
Observational studies of newly marketed medications can add important safety and effectiveness information to what is known from pre-approval randomized controlled trials. As new medications are often prescribed to select ...
Fatty Acids, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Diabetes Mellitus
(2015-01-16)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause for mortality and morbidity around the world. Meanwhile, diabetes mellitus (DM) has become an emerging epidemic, causing 1.5 million deaths in 2012, with 80% occurring ...
The Effect of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Public Health
(2015-01-20)
The effects of temperature and air pollution on public health are comprehensive and ubiquitous. Therefore, this dissertation deals with the comprehensive topic of climate change and air pollution and their effects on public ...