Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1013-1032 of 18256
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Atmospheric nitrogen evolution on Earth and Venus
(Elsevier BV, 2016)Nitrogen is the most common element in Earth's atmosphere and also appears to be present in significant amounts in the mantle. However, its long-term cycling between these two reservoirs remains poorly understood. Here a ... -
Atmospheric Opacity Has a Non-linear Effect on Global Crop Yields
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-03-19)Agricultural impacts of air pollution, climate change and geoengineering remain uncertain due to potentially offsetting changes in the quantity and quality of sunlight. By leveraging year-to-year variation in growing season ... -
Atmospheric Peroxyacetyl Nitrate (PAN): A Global Budget and Source Attribution
(Copernicus GmbH, 2014)Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formed in the atmospheric oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) is the principal tropospheric reservoir for nitrogen oxide radicals \((NO_x = NO + NO_2)\). PAN enables the ... -
Atmospheric Phase Correction Using Total Power Radiometry at the Submillimeter Array
(IOP Publishing, 2004)Phase noise caused by an inhomogeneous, time-variable water vapor distribution in our atmosphere reduces the angular resolution, visibility amplitude and coherence time of millimeter and submillimeter wavelength interferometers. ... -
The atmospheric sulfur cycle over the Amazon Basin: 2. Wet season
(Wiley-Blackwell, 1990)We determined the fluxes and concentrations of atmospheric sulfur species at ground level and from aircraft over the Amazon Basin during the 1987 wet season, providing a comprehensive description of the sulfur cycle over ... -
An Atmospheric Teleconnection Linking ENSO and Southwestern European Precipitation
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)Numerous studies have demonstrated statistical associations between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and precipitation in the Mediterranean basin. The dynamical bases for these teleconnections have yet to be fully ... -
Atom Interferometry Using Wave Packets with Constant Spatial Displacements
(American Physical Society, 2010)A standing-wave light-pulse sequence is demonstrated that places atoms into a superposition of wave packets with precisely controlled displacements that remain constant for times as long as 1 s. The separated wave packets ... -
Atom-by-atom nucleation and growth of graphene nanopores
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012)Graphene is an ideal thin membrane substrate for creating molecule-scale devices. Here we demonstrate a scalable method for creating extremely small structures in graphene with atomic precision. It consists of inducing ... -
Atom-like crystal defects: From quantum computers to biological sensors
(AIP Publishing, 2014) -
Atomic classification of 6D SCFTs
(Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2015)We use F-theory to classify possibly all six-dimensional super-conformal field theories (SCFTs). This involves a two step process: We first classify all possible tensor branches allowed in F-theory (which correspond to ... -
Atomic Layer Deposited Zinc Tin Oxide Channel for Amorphous Oxide Thin Film Transistors
(American Institute of Physics, 2012)Bottom-gate thin film transistors with amorphous zinc tin oxide channels were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The films maintained their amorphous character up to temperatures over 500 \(^{\circ}\)C. The highest ... -
Atomic Layer Deposition of \(Sc_2O_3\) for Passivating AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor Devices
(American Institute of Physics, 2012)Polycrystalline, partially epitaxial \(Sc_2O_3\) films were grown on AlGaN/GaN substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD). With this ALD \(Sc_2O_3\) film as the insulator layer, the \(Sc_2O_3\)/AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator- ... -
Atomic layer deposition of Al-incorporated Zn(O,S) thin films with tunable electrical properties
(AIP Publishing, 2014)Zinc oxysulfide, Zn(O,S), films grown by atomic layer deposition were incorporated with aluminum to adjust the carrier concentration. The electron carrier concentration increased up to one order of magnitude from 1019 to ... -
Atomic layer deposition of energy band tunable tin germanium oxide electron transport layer for the SnS-based solar cells with 400 mV open-circuit voltage
(AIP Publishing, 2019-05-27)Tin germanium oxide, (Sn,Ge)O2, films were prepared using atomic layer deposition and tailored to SnS absorber layer by incorporating various amounts of germanium into tin oxide to adjust band alignments at the interfaces ... -
Atomic Layer Deposition of Lanthanum-Based Ternary Oxides
(Electrochemical Society, 2009)Lanthanum-based ternary oxide \(La_xM_{2−x}O_3\) (M = Sc, Lu, or Y) films were deposited on HF-last Si substrates by atomic layer deposition. Both \(LaScO_3\) and \(LaLuO_3\) films are amorphous while the as-deposited ... -
Atomic Layer Deposition of Ruthenium Thin Films From an Amidinate Precursor
(John Wiley & Sons, 2009-10-14)Ruthenium thin films were deposited by atomic layer deposition from bis(N,N’-di-tert-butylacetamidinato)ruthenium(II) dicarbonyl and O2. Highly conductive, dense and pure thin films can be deposited when oxygen exposure ... -
Atomic Layer Deposition of Tin Monosulfide Thin Films
(Wiley-VCH, 2011)Thin film solar cells made from earth-abundant, non-toxic materials are needed to replace the current technology that uses \(Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)_2\) and \(CdTe\), which contain scarce and toxic elements. One promising candidate ... -
Atomic Layer Deposition of Tin Monosulfide Using Vapor from Liquid Bis(N,N′-diisopropylformamidinato)tin(II) and H2S
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2019-11-13)The oxide and sulfide of divalent tin show considerable promise for sustainable thin-film optoelectronics, as transparent conducting and light absorbing p-type layers, respectively. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and ...