Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1130-1149 of 18292
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Awake, Offline Processing during Associative Learning
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Offline processing has been shown to strengthen memory traces and enhance learning in the absence of conscious rehearsal or awareness. Here we evaluate whether a brief, two-minute offline processing period can boost ... -
An Axiomatic Characterization of Continuous-Outcome Market Makers
(Springer Verlag, 2010)Most existing market maker mechanisms for prediction markets are designed for events with a finite number of outcomes. All known attempts on designing market makers for forecasting continuous-outcome events resulted in ... -
An axiomatic characterization of wagering mechanisms
(Elsevier BV, 2015)We construct a budget-balanced wagering mechanism that flexibly extracts information about event probabilities, as well as the mean, median, and other statistics from a group of individuals whose beliefs are immutable to ... -
Axiomatic Foundations of Multiplier Preferences
(The Econometric Society, 2011)This paper axiomatizes the robust control criterion of multiplier preferences introduced by Hansen and Sargent (2001). The axiomatization relates multiplier preferences to other classes of preferences studied in decision ... -
Axiomatization and Measurement of Quasi-Hyperbolic Discounting
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2014)This article provides an axiomatic characterization of quasi-hyperbolic discounting and a more general class of semi-hyperbolic preferences. We impose consistency restrictions directly on the intertemporal trade-offs by ... -
Axion experiments to algebraic geometry — Testing quantum gravity via the Weak Gravity Conjecture
(World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt, 2016)Common features of known quantum gravity theories may hint at the general nature of quantum gravity. The absence of continuous global symmetries is one such feature. This inspired the Weak Gravity Conjecture, which bounds ... -
Axion experiments to algebraic geometry: Testing quantum gravity via the Weak Gravity Conjecture
(World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt, 2016)Common features of known quantum gravity theories may hint at the general nature of quantum gravity. The absence of continuous global symmetries is one such feature. This inspired the Weak Gravity Conjecture, which bounds ... -
Axionic Black Holes and an Aharonov-Bohm Effect for Strings
(American Physical Society, 1988) -
The Axis of Progression of Disease
(Libertas Academica, 2014)Starting with genetic or environmental perturbations, disease progression can involve a linear sequence of changes within individual cells. More often, however, a labyrinth of branching consequences emanates from the initial ... -
AXIS: Generating Explanations at Scale with Learnersourcing and Machine Learning
(2016)While explanations may help people learn by providing information about why an answer is correct, many problems on online platforms lack high-quality explanations. This paper presents AXIS (Adaptive eXplanation Improvement ... -
B cell homeostasis and follicle confines are governed by fibroblastic reticular cells
(2014)Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are known to inhabit T cell-rich areas of lymphoid organs where they function to coordinate T cell and dendritic cell interactions. However, in vivo manipulation of FRCs has been limited ... -
Baby Universes and String Theory
(American Physical Society, 2006)The description of 4D BPS black holes in terms of branes wrapped on various cycles in a Calabi-Yau space gives us the opportunity to study various issues in quantum gravity in a definite way by means of the worldvolume ... -
Bacillus spores as building blocks for stimuli-responsive materials and nanogenerators
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014) -
Back to the future
(Elsevier BV, 2013) -
Background ozone over the United States in summer: Origin, trend, and contribution to pollution episodes
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2002)Observations indicate that ozone (O3) concentrations in surface air over the United States in summer contain a 20–45 ppbv background contribution, presumably reflecting transport from outside the North American boundary ... -
Backward Raising
(Wiley Blackwell (Blackwell Publishing), 2012)This paper documents and analyzes an instance of covert A-movement, specifically covert subject-to-subject raising, in the Northwest Caucasian language Adyghe. We argue that Adyghe has a subject-to-subject raising ... -
Bacteria activate sensory neurons that modulate pain and inflammation
(2013)Summary Nociceptor sensory neurons are specialized to detect potentially damaging stimuli, protecting the organism by initiating the sensation of pain and eliciting defensive behaviors. Bacterial infections produce pain ... -
Bacteria Pattern Spontaneously on Periodic Nanostructure Arrays
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2010)Surface-associated bacteria typically form self-organizing communities called biofilms. Spatial segregation is important for various bacterial processes associated with cellular and community development. Here, we demonstrate ... -
Bacterial biofilm shows persistent resistance to liquid wetting and gas penetration
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2010)Most of the world’s bacteria exist in robust, sessile communities known as biofilms, ubiquitously adherent to environmental surfaces from ocean floors to human teeth and notoriously resistant to antimicrobial agents. We ... -
The Bacterial Carbon-Fixing Organelle Is Formed by Shell Envelopment of Preassembled Cargo
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Cyanobacteria play a significant role in the global carbon cycle. In Synechococcuselongatus, the carbon-fixing enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is concentrated into polyhedral, ...