Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 11860-11879 of 18258

    • Parallel selection on thermal physiology facilitates repeated adaptation of city lizards to urban heat islands 

      Campbell-Staton, Shane C.; Winchell, Kristin M.; Rochette, Nicolas C.; Fredette, Jason; Maayan, Inbar; Schweizer, Rena M.; Catchen, Julian (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-03-09)
      Only recently have we begun to understand the ecological and evolutionary effects of urbanization on species, with studies revealing drastic impacts on community composition, gene flow, behavior, morphology and physiology. ...

    • Parallelization by Simulated Tunneling 

      Waterland, Amos; Appavoo, Jonathan; Seltzer, Margo I. (USENIX Association, 2012)
      As highly parallel heterogeneous computers become commonplace, automatic parallelization of software is an increasingly critical unsolved problem. Continued progress on this problem will require large quantities of information ...

    • Parallelization Primitives for Dynamic Sparse Computations 

      Lin, Tsung-Han; Tarsa, Stephen John; Kung, H. T. (2013)
      We characterize a general class of algorithms common in machine learning, scientific computing, and signal processing, whose computational dependencies are both sparse, and dynamically defined throughout execution. Existing ...

    • Paramagnetic Ion-Doped Nanocrystal as a Voltage-Controlled Spin Filter 

      Efros, Al. L.; Rashba, Emmanuel; Rosen, Matthew Scot (American Physical Society (APS), 2001)
      A theory of spin injection from a ferromagnetic source into a semiconductor through a paramagnetic ion-doped nanocrystal is developed. Spin-polarized current from the source polarizes the ion; the polarized ion, in turn, ...

    • Paramagnetic Ionic Liquids for Measurements of Density Using Magnetic Levitation 

      Bwambok, David K.; Thuo, Martin M.; Atkinson, Manza B.J.; Mirica, Katherine A.; Shapiro, Nathan D.; Whitesides, George McClelland (American Chemical Society (ACS), 2013)
      Paramagnetic ionic liquids (PILs) provide new capabilities to measurements of density using magnetic levitation (MagLev). In a typical measurement, a diamagnetic object of unknown density is placed in a container containing ...

    • Parameter Estimation From Improved Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background From QUaD 

      Gupta, Sujata; Ade, Peter; Bock, James; Bowden, Melanie; Brown, Michael L.; Cahill, Gary; Castro, Patricia G.; Church, Sarah; Culverhouse, Thomas; Friedman, Robert B.; Ganga, Ken; Gear, Walter K.; Hinderks, James; Kovac, John M; Lange, Andrew E.; Leitch, Erik; Melhuish, Simon J.; Memari, Yasin; Murphy, J. Anthony; Orlando, Angiola; O'Sullivan, Creidhe; Piccirillo, Lucio; Pryke, Clem; Rajguru, Nutan; Rusholme, Ben; Schwarz, Robert; Taylor, Andrew N.; Thompson, Keith L.; Turner, Abigail H.; Wu, Ed Y. S.; Zemcov, Michael B. (IOP Publishing, 2010)
      We evaluate the contribution of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization spectra to cosmological parameter constraints. We produce cosmological parameters using high-quality CMB polarization data from the ground-based ...

    • Parameter-Free Test of Alloy Dendrite Growth Theory 

      Arnold, Craig B.; Aziz, Michael; Schwarz, Matthias; Herlach, Dieter M. (The American Physical Society, 1999)
      In rapid alloy solidification the dendrite-growth velocity depends sensitively on the deviations from local interfacial equilibrium manifested by kinetic effects such as solute trapping. The dendrite tip velocity undercooling ...

    • Parameterizing sequence alignment with an explicit evolutionary model 

      Rivas, Elena; Eddy, Sean R. (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Inference of sequence homology is inherently an evolutionary question, dependent upon evolutionary divergence. However, the insertion and deletion penalties in the most widely used methods for inferring homology ...

    • Parameters and Duality for the Metaplectic Geometric Langlands Theory 

      Gaitsgory, Dennis; Lysenko, S (Springer Nature, 2017-10-11)
      We introduce the space of parameters for the metaplectic Langlands theory as factorization gerbes on the affine Grassmannian, and develop metaplectic Langlands duality in the incarnation of the metaplectic geometric Satake ...

    • Parameters and Predictions for the Long‐Period Transiting Planet HD 17156b 

      Irwin, Jonathan; Charbonneau, David; Nutzman, Philip; Welsh, William F.; Rajan, Abhijith; Hidas, Marton; Brown, Timothy M.; Lister, Timothy A.; Davies, Donald; Laughlin, Gregory; Langton, Jonathan (American Astronomical Society, 2008)

    • Parametric Hierarchical Matrix Approach for the Wideband Optical Response of Large-Scale Molecular Aggregates 

      Ansari-Oghol-Beig, Davood; Rostami, Masoud; Chernobrovkina, Ekaterina; Saikin, Semion K.; Valleau, Stephanie; Mosallaei, Hossein; Aspuru-Guzik, Alan (AIP Publishing, 2013)
      Fast and efficient calculations of optical responses using electromagnetic models require computational acceleration and compression techniques. A hierarchical matrix approach is adopted for this purpose. In order to ...

    • Parametric Pattern Selection in a Reaction-Diffusion Model 

      Stich, Michael; Ghoshal, Gourab; Pérez-Mercader, Juan (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      We compare spot patterns generated by Turing mechanisms with those generated by replication cascades, in a model one-dimensional reaction-diffusion system. We determine the stability region of spot solutions in parameter ...

    • A parametric study of fear generalization to faces and non-face objects: relationship to discrimination thresholds 

      Holt, Daphne J.; Boeke, Emily A.; Wolthusen, Rick P. F.; Nasr, Shahin; Milad, Mohammed R.; Tootell, Roger B. H. (Frontiers Media S.A., 2014)
      Fear generalization is the production of fear responses to a stimulus that is similar—but not identical—to a threatening stimulus. Although prior studies have found that fear generalization magnitudes are qualitatively ...

    • Parametrizing Epoch of Reionization foregrounds: a deep survey of low-frequency point-source spectra with the Murchison Widefield Array 

      Offringa, A. R.; Trott, C. M.; Hurley-Walker, N.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.; McKinley, B.; Barry, N.; Beardsley, A. P.; Bowman, J. D.; Briggs, F.; Carroll, P.; Dillon, J. S.; Ewall-Wice, A.; Feng, L.; Gaensler, B; Greenhill, Lincoln Jared; Hazelton, B. J.; Hewitt, J. N.; Jacobs, D. C.; Kim, H.-S.; Kittiwisit, P.; Lenc, E.; Line, J.; Loeb, Abraham; Mitchell, D. A.; Morales, M. F.; Neben, A. R.; Paul, S.; Pindor, B.; Pober, J. C.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Sethi, S. K.; Shankar, N. U.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Sullivan, I. S.; Tegmark, M.; Thyagarajan, N.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B. (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2016)
      Experiments that pursue detection of signals from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) are relying on spectral smoothness of source spectra at low frequencies. This article empirically explores the effect of foreground spectra ...

    • Parasite resistance and the adaptive significance of sleep 

      Preston, Brian T.; Capellini, Isabella; McNamara, Patrick; Barton, Robert A.; Nunn, Charles (Biomed Central, 2009)
      Background: Sleep is a biological enigma. Despite occupying much of an animal's life, and having been scrutinized by numerous experimental studies, there is still no consensus on its function. Similarly, no hypothesis has ...

    • Parasite-Mediated Evolution of the Functional Part of the MHC in Primates 

      Garamszegi, Laszlo Z.; Nunn, Charles Lindsay (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)
      The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a key model of genetic polymorphism, but the mechanisms underlying its extreme variability are debated. Most hypotheses for MHC diversity focus on pathogen-driven selection and ...

    • Parcellating Cortical Functional Networks in Individuals 

      Wang, Danhong; Buckner, Randy L.; Fox, Michael D.; Holt, Daphne J.; Holmes, Avram J.; Stoecklein, Sophia; Langs, Georg; Pan, Ruiqi; Qian, Tianyi; Li, Kuncheng; Baker, Justin T.; Stufflebeam, Steven M.; Wang, Kai; Wang, Xiaomin; Hong, Bo; Liu, Hesheng (2015)
      The capacity to identify the unique functional architecture of an individual’s brain is a critical step towards personalized medicine and understanding the neural basis of variations in human cognition and behavior. Here, ...

    • Parent-Delivered CBT May Reduce Intervention Cost, but Questions Arise About Effectiveness 

      Hungerford, Gabriela; Santucci, Lauren; Weisz, John (BMJ, 2017-08-17)
      Commentary on: Creswell C, Violato M, Fairbanks H, et al. Clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of brief guided parent-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and solution-focused brief therapy for treatment of childhood ...

    • Parent-Offspring Conflict and the Evolution of Infant-Directed Song 

      Mehr, Samuel; Krasnow, Max (Elsevier BV, 2017-09)
      We present a theory of the origin and evolution of infant-directed song, a form of music found in many cultures. After examining the ancestral ecology of parent-infant relations, we propose that infant-directed song arose ...

    • Parent-Specific Gene-Expression and the Triploid Endosperm 

      Haig, David; Westoby, Mark (University of Chicago Press, 1989)
      No abstract