Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1395-1414 of 18292
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Biomass-burning emissions and associated haze layers over Amazonia
(Wiley-Blackwell, 1988)Biomass-burning plumes and haze layers were observed during the ABLE 2A flights in July/August 1985 over the central Amazon Basin. The haze layers occurred at altitudes between 1000 and 4000 m and were usually only some ... -
A biomaterial-based vaccine eliciting durable tumour-specific responses against acute myeloid leukaemia
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-01-14)Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of hematopoietic origin with limited therapeutic options. The standard-of-care cytoreductive chemotherapy depletes AML cells to induce remission, but is rarely curative. A highly ... -
Biomechanical Analysis Of Gait Adaptation In The Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
(National Academy of Sciences, 2010)To navigate different environments, an animal must be able to adapt its locomotory gait to its physical surroundings. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, between swimming in water and crawling on surfaces, adapts its ... -
Biomechanical forces promote blood development through prostaglandin E2 and the cAMP–PKA signaling axis
(The Rockefeller University Press, 2015)Blood flow promotes emergence of definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the developing embryo, yet the signals generated by hemodynamic forces that influence hematopoietic potential remain poorly defined. Here we ... -
A Biomimetic Approach for the Creation of Two-Dimensional Microscale Surface Patterns: Creation of Isolated Immunological Synapses
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2009)Current efforts in surface functionalization have not produced a robust technique capable of creating specific two-dimensional microscale geometrical arrays composed of multiple proteins. Such a capability is desirable for ... -
Biomimetic Nanostructured Surfaces with Designer Mechanics and Geometry for Broad Applications
(Materials Research Society, 2009)A powerful fabrication platform for a wide range of biomimetic, high-aspect-ratio nanostructured surfaces is introduced. The principles of soft lithography are extended into a double-mold replication process, whereby a ... -
Biomimetic shark skin: design, fabrication and hydrodynamic function
(The Company of Biologists, 2014)Although the functional properties of shark skin have been of considerable interest to both biologists and engineers because of the complex hydrodynamic effects of surface roughness, no study to date has successfully ... -
Biomimetic, Hierarchical, Multidimensional Patterning of Conductive Polymers on High-Aspect-Ratio Microstructures
(PMSA Division of ACS, 2010) -
Biomineralization Guided by Paper Templates
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)This work demonstrates the fabrication of partially mineralized scaffolds fabricated in 3D shapes using paper by folding, and by supporting deposition of calcium phosphate by osteoblasts cultured in these scaffolds. This ... -
A biomolecule-compatible visible-light-induced azide reduction from a DNA-encoded reaction-discovery system
(Nature Publishing Group, 2011)Using a system that accelerates the serendipitous discovery of new reactions by evaluating hundreds of DNA-encoded substrate combinations in a single experiment, we explored a broad range of reaction conditions for new ... -
Bions: A Family of Biomimetic Mineralo-Organic Complexes Derived from Biological Fluids
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Mineralo-organic nanoparticles form spontaneously in human body fluids when the concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions exceed saturation. We have shown previously that these mineralo-organic nanoparticles possess ... -
Biophysical principles predict fitness landscapes of drug resistance
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2016)Fitness landscapes of drug resistance constitute powerful tools to elucidate mutational pathways of antibiotic escape. Here, we de- veloped a predictive biophysics-based fitness landscape of trimeth- oprim (TMP) resistance ... -
A biophysical protein folding model accounts for most mutational fitness effects in viruses
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011)Fitness effects of mutations fall on a continuum ranging from lethal to deleterious to beneficial. The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) among random mutations is an essential component of every evolutionary model and ... -
Biophysics of Molecular Gastronomy
(Elsevier BV, 2015-03)Chefs and scientists exploring biophysical processes have given rise to molecular gastronomy. In this Commentary, we describe how a scientific understanding of recipes and techniques facilitates the development of new ... -
Biopolymer network geometries: Characterization, regeneration, and elastic properties
(American Physical Society, 2010)We study the geometry of biopolymer networks and effects of the geometry on bulk mechanical properties. It is shown numerically that the physical network geometry can be quantified statistically and regenerated from its ... -
Biopolymer Structure Simulation and Optimization via Fragment Regrowth Monte Carlo
(American Institute of Physics, 2007)An efficient exploration of the configuration space of a biopolymer is essential for its structure modeling and prediction. In this study, the authors propose a new Monte Carlo method, fragment regrowth via energy-guided ... -
Bioprinting of 3D Convoluted Renal Proximal Tubules on Perfusable Chips
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)Three-dimensional models of kidney tissue that recapitulate human responses are needed for drug screening, disease modeling, and, ultimately, kidney organ engineering. Here, we report a bioprinting method for creating 3D ... -
The biopsychosocial model of stress in adolescence: self-awareness of performance versus stress reactivity
(Informa UK Limited, 2014)Extensive research among adults supports the biopsychosocial (BPS) model of challenge and threat, which describes relationships among stress appraisals, physiological stress reactivity, and performance; however, no previous ... -
Bioresponsive matrices in drug delivery
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2010)For years, the field of drug delivery has focused on (1) controlling the release of a therapeutic and (2) targeting the therapeutic to a specific cell type. These research endeavors have concentrated mainly on the development ... -
A biorobotic model of the suction-feeding system in largemouth bass: the roles of motor program speed and hyoid kinematics
(The Company of Biologists, 2016)The vast majority of ray-finned fishes capture prey through suction feeding. The basis of this behavior is the generation of subambient pressure through rapid expansion of a highly kinetic skull. Over the last four decades, ...