Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 4013-4032 of 18292
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Dissipative dark matter and the Andromeda plane of satellites
(IOP Publishing, 2015)We show that dissipative dark matter can potentially explain the large observed mass to light ratio of the dwarf satellite galaxies that have been observed in the recently identified planar structure around Andromeda, which ... -
Dissipative Dynamics of a Driven Quantum Spin Coupled to a Bath of Ultracold Fermions
(American Physical Society (APS), 2013)We explore the dynamics and the steady state of a driven quantum spin coupled to a bath of fermions, which can be realized with a strongly imbalanced mixture of ultracold atoms using currently available experimental tools. ... -
Dissipative phase transition in a central spin system
(American Physical Society (APS), 2012)We investigate dissipative phase transitions in an open central spin system. In our model the central spin interacts coherently with the surrounding many-particle spin environment and is subject to coherent driving and ... -
Dissipative Preparation of Spin Squeezed Atomic Ensembles in a Steady State
(American Physical Society (APS), 2013)We present and analyze a new approach for the generation of atomic spin-squeezed states. Our method involves the collective coupling of an atomic ensemble to a decaying mode of an open optical cavity. We demonstrate the ... -
Dissociable Effects of the Implicit and Explicit Memory Systems on Learning Control of Reaching
(Springer Verlag, 2006)Adaptive control of reaching depends on internal models that associate states in which the limb experienced a force perturbation with motor commands that can compensate for it. Limb state can be sensed via both vision and ... -
Dissociable Neural Correlates of Stereotypes and Other Forms of Semantic Knowledge
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2011)Semantic knowledge refers to the information that people have about categories of objects and living things. Social psychologists have long debated whether the information that perceivers have about categories of people - ... -
Dissociable Neural Substrates for Agentic versus Conceptual Representations of Self
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 2010)Although humans generally experience a coherent sense of selfhood, we can, nevertheless, articulate different aspects of self. Recent research has demonstrated that one such aspect of self—conceptual knowledge of one's own ... -
Dissociable Recruitment of Rostral Anterior Cingulate and Inferior Frontal Cortex in Emotional Response Inhibition
(Academic Press, 2008)The integrity of decision-making under emotionally evocative circumstances is critical to navigating complex environments, and dysfunctions in these processes may play an important role in the emergence and maintenance of ... -
Dissociating Confidence and Accuracy: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Shows Origins of the Subjective Memory Experience
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 2004)Successful memory typically implies both objective accuracy and subjective confidence, but there are instances when confidence and accuracy diverge. This dissociation suggests that there may be distinct neural patterns of ... -
Dissociation Between Visual Attention and Visual Mental Imagery
(Taylor & Francis, 2010-10-27)Visual mental imagery (which involves generating and transforming visual mental representations, i.e., seeing with the mind's eye) and visual attention appear to be distinct processes. However, some researchers have claimed ... -
Dissociation of Neural Regions Associated with Anticipatory Versus Consummatory Phases of Incentive Processing
(Blackwell Publishers, 2008)Incentive delay tasks implicate the striatum and medial frontal cortex in reward processing. However, prior studies delivered more rewards than penalties, possibly leading to unwanted differences in signal-to-noise ratio. ... -
Dissociations of Face and Object Recognition in Developmental Prosopagnosia
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 2005)Neuropsychological studies with patients suffering from prosopagnosia have provided the main evidence for the hypothesis that the recognition of faces and objects rely on distinct mechanisms. Yet doubts remain, and it has ... -
Distal-less and Dachshund Pattern both Plesiomorphic and Apomorphic Structures in Chelicerates: RNA Interference in the Harvestman Phalangium opilio (Opiliones)
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013-04-08)The discovery of genetic mechanisms that can transform a morphological structure from a plesiomorphic (=primitive) state to an apomorphic (=derived) one is a cardinal objective of evolutionary developmental biology. However, ... -
Distance to care, enrollment and loss to follow-up of HIV patients during decentralization of antiretroviral therapy in Neno District, Malawi: A retrospective cohort study
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017-10-03)HIV/AIDS remains the 2nd most common cause of death in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), and only 34% of eligible patients in LMICs received antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 2013. This study investigated the impact ... -
Distance to Frontier, Selection, and Economic Growth
(MIT Press, 2006)We analyze an economy where firms undertake both innovation and adoption of technologies from the world technology frontier. The selection of high-skill managers and firms is more important for innovation than for adoption. ... -
A distinct and active bacterial community in cold oxygenated fluids circulating beneath the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic ridge
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)The rock-hosted, oceanic crustal aquifer is one of the largest ecosystems on Earth, yet little is known about its indigenous microorganisms. Here we provide the first phylogenetic and functional description of an active ... -
Distinct Biological Network Properties between the Targets of Natural Products and Disease Genes
(American Chemical Society, 2010)We show that natural products target proteins with a high number of protein−protein functional interactions (high biological network connectivity) and that these protein targets have higher network connectivity than disease ... -
Distinct bone marrow blood vessels differentially regulate haematopoiesis
(Springer Nature, 2016)Bone marrow (BM) endothelial cells (BMECs) form a network of blood vessels (BVs) which regulate both leukocyte trafficking and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) maintenance. However, it is not clear how BMECs ... -
Distinct Cerebral Pathways for Object Identity and Number in Human Infants
(Public Library of Science, 2008)All humans, regardless of their culture and education, possess an intuitive understanding of number. Behavioural evidence suggests that numerical competence may be present early on in infancy. Here, we present brain-imaging ... -
Distinct Contributions of Astrocytes and Pericytes to Neuroinflammation Identified in a 3D Human Blood-Brain Barrier on a Chip
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Neurovascular inflammation is a major contributor to many neurological disorders, but modeling these processes in vitro has proven to be difficult. Here, we microengineered a three-dimensional (3D) model of the human ...