Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 4524-4543 of 18292
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Effect Sizes Why, When, and How to Use Them
(Hogrefe & Huber Publishers, 2009)The effect size (ES) is the magnitude of a study outcome or research finding, such as the strength of the relationship obtained between an independent variable and a dependent variable. Two types of ES indicators are sampled ... -
Effective field theories with instantons
(Elsevier, 1994)We explain how nonperturbative effects can be systematically included when constructing an effective field theory. We concentrate in particular on the matching calculation, by which a low-energy theory without a heavy-particle ... -
Effective field theory and keV lines from dark matter
(IOP Publishing, 2014)We survey operators that can lead to a keV photon line from dark matter decay or annihilation. We are motivated in part by recent claims of an unexplained 3.5 keV line in galaxy clusters and in Andromeda, but our results ... -
Effective field theory for massive gravitons and gravity in theory space
(Elsevier BV, 2003)We introduce a technique for restoring general coordinate invariance into theories where it is explicitly broken. This is the analog for gravity of the Callan-Coleman-WessZumino formalism for gauge theories. We use this ... -
Effective field theory of vacuum tilting
(American Physical Society (APS), 1998)Simple models of topcolor and topcolor-assisted technicolor rely on a relatively strong U(1) gauge interaction to “tilt” the vacuum. This tilting is necessary to produce a top-condensate, thereby naturally obtaining a heavy ... -
Effective Hamiltonian for FeAs-based superconductors
(American Physical Society, 2008-11-19)The recently discovered FeAs-based superconductors show intriguing behavior and unusual dynamics of electrons and holes which occupy the Fe d orbitals and As 4s and 4p orbitals. Starting from the atomic limit, we carry out ... -
Effective Information Value Calculation for Interruption Management in Multi-Agent Scheduling.
(Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), 2008)This paper addresses the problem of deciding effectively whether to interrupt a teammate who may have information that is valuable for solving a collaborative scheduling problem. Two characteristics of multi-agent scheduling ... -
Effective Interactive Proofs for Higher-Order Imperative Programs
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2009)We present a new approach for constructing and verifying higher-order, imperative programs using the Coq proof assistant. We build on the past work on the Ynot system, which is based on Hoare Type Theory. That original ... -
An Effective Matsusaka Big Theorem
(Cellule MathDoc/CEDRAM, 1993)We prove the following effective form of Matsusaka's Big Theorem. For an ample line bundle L over a compact complex manifold X of complex dimension n with canonical line bundle K(X), the line bundle mL is very ample for m ... -
Effective Normal Stress Alteration due to Pore Pressure Changes Induced by Dynamic Slip Propagation on a Plane Between Dissimilar Materials
(American Geophysical Union, 2006)Recent, detailed examinations of fault zones show that walls of faults are often bordered by materials that are different from each other and from the more uniform material farther away. In addition, they show that the ... -
Effective Screening Due to Minihalos during the Epoch of Reionization
(American Astronomical Society, 2002)We show that the gaseous halos of collapsed objects introduce a substantial cumulative opacity to ionizing radiation, even after the smoothly distributed hydrogen in the intergalactic medium has been fully reionized. This ... -
Effective Theory of Fermi Pockets in Fluctuating Antiferromagnets
(American Physical Society, 2010)We describe fluctuating two-dimensional metallic antiferromagnets by transforming to a rotating reference frame in which the electron spin polarization is measured by its projections along the local antiferromagnetic order. ... -
Effectiveness of stratospheric solar-radiation management as a function of climate sensitivity
(Nature Publishing Group, 2011)If implementation of proposals to engineer the climate through solar-radiation management (SRM) ever occurs, it is likely to be contingent on climate sensitivity. However, modelling studies examining the effectiveness of ... -
Effects of 2000-2050 Global Change on Ozone Air Quality in the United States
(American Geophysical Union, 2008)We investigate the effects on U.S. ozone air quality from 2000–2050 global changes in climate and anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursors by using a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) driven by meteorological ... -
Effects of 2000–2050 Changes in Climate and Emissions on Global Tropospheric Ozone and the Policy-Relevant Background Surface Ozone in the United States
(American Geophysical Union, 2008)We use a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) driven by a general circulation model (NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies GCM) to investigate the effects of 2000–2050 global change in climate and emissions (the ... -
The Effects of a Centralized Clearinghouse on Job Placement, Wages, and Hiring Practices
(University of Chicago Press, 2009)New gastroenterologists participated in a labor market clearinghouse (a "match") from 1986 through the late 1990’s, after which the match was abandoned. This provides an opportunity to study the effects of a match, by ... -
The Effects of a Stress-Dependent Mobility on Interfacial Stability
(Imperial College Press, 2000)A linear morphological stability analysis of a planar interface in interface reaction-controlled growth is presented. We allow the mobility of the interface to be a function of the elastic stress, and nd that the stress ... -
Effects of a Wind-Driven Gyre on Thermohaline Circulation Variability
(American Meteorological Society, 2004)A simplified model is used to study the possible effects of the horizontal upper-ocean wind-driven circulation (WDC) on the variability of the overturning meridional circulation driven by buoyancy fluxes. It is found that ... -
The Effects of Biogeography on Ant Diversity and Activity on the Boston Harbor Islands, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
(Public Library of Science, 2011)Many studies have examined how island biogeography affects diversity on the scale of island systems. In this study, we address how diversity varies over very short periods of time on individual islands. To do this, we ... -
Effects of cardioactive drugs on human induced pluripotent stem cell derived long QT syndrome cardiomyocytes
(Springer International Publishing, 2016)Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have enabled a major step forward in pathophysiologic studies of inherited diseases and may also prove to be valuable in in vitro drug testing. Long QT syndrome (LQTS), characterized ...