Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 227-246 of 18292
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Accounting for Cognitive Costs in On-Line Auction Design
(Springer Verlag, 1999)Many auction mechanisms, including first and second price ascending and sealed bid auctions, have been proposed and analyzed in the economics literature. We compare the usefulness of different mechanisms for on-line auctions, ... -
Accounting for Experimental Noise Reveals That mRNA Levels, Amplified by Post-Transcriptional Processes, Largely Determine Steady-State Protein Levels in Yeast
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Cells respond to their environment by modulating protein levels through mRNA transcription and post-transcriptional control. Modest observed correlations between global steady-state mRNA and protein measurements have been ... -
Accounting for inhomogeneous broadening in nano-optics by electromagnetic modeling based on Monte Carlo methods
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014)Many experimental systems consist of large ensembles of uncoupled or weakly interacting elements operating as a single whole; this is particularly the case for applications in nano-optics and plasmonics, including colloidal ... -
Accounting Mechanisms for Distributed Work Systems
(AAAI Press, 2010)In distributed work systems, individual users perform work for other users. A significant challenge in these systems is to provide proper incentives for users to contribute as much work as they consume, even when monitoring ... -
Accretion Models of Gamma‐Ray Bursts
(American Astronomical Society, 2001)Many models of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) involve accretion onto a compact object, usually a black hole, at a mass accretion rate on the order of a fraction of a solar mass per second. If the accretion disk is larger than a ... -
Acculturation and Endocrine Disrupting Chemical-Associated Personal Care Product Use Among US-Based Foreign-Born Chinese Women of Reproductive Age
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-11-24)Background: Personal care products (PCPs) are an important source of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) linked to adverse reproductive health outcomes. Objective: We evaluated EDC-associated PCP use and acculturation ... -
Accumulated Pension Collars: A Market Approach to Reducing The Risk of Investment-Based Social Security Reform
(National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000)This paper shows how a new type of derivative product that could be provided by private financial markets could in principle be used to guarantee that an investment-based Social Security reform provides at least the level ... -
Accumulated tidal heating of stars over multiple pericentre passages near SgrA*
(Oxford University Press, 2013)We consider the long-term tidal heating of a star by the supermassive black hole at the Galactic centre, SgrA*. We show that gravitational interaction with background stars leads to a linear growth of the tidal excitation ... -
Accumulation of Driver and Passenger Mutations During Tumor Progression
(National Academy of Sciences, 2010)Major efforts to sequence cancer genomes are now occurring throughout the world. Though the emerging data from these studies are illuminating, their reconciliation with epidemiologic and clinical observations poses a major ... -
Accuracy of gastrocnemius muscles forces in walking and running goats predicted by one-element and two-element Hill-type models
(Elsevier BV, 2013)Hill-type models are commonly used to estimate muscle forces during human and animal movement —yet the accuracy of the forces estimated during walking, running, and other tasks remains largely unknown. Further, most ... -
Accurate galactic N(H) values towards quasars and AGN
(IOP Publishing, 1989)Integrated Galactic 21-cm column densities toward about 174 quasars and AGN are presented. The data are corrected for stray radiation, using the technique of Lockman et al. (1986). Because of the 21-arcmin beam size of the ... -
Accurate Measurements of Pointing Performance from In Situ Observations
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2012)We present a method for obtaining lab-quality measurements of pointing performance from unobtrusive observations of natural in situ interactions. Specifically, we have developed a set of user-independent classifiers for ... -
Accurate Path Integration in Continuous Attractor Network Models of Grid Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Grid cells in the rat entorhinal cortex display strikingly regular firing responses to the animal's position in 2-D space and have been hypothesized to form the neural substrate for dead-reckoning. However, errors ... -
Accurate Spectrally Resolved Infrared Radiance Observation from Space: Implications for the Detection of Decade-to-Century–Scale Climatic Change
(American Meteorological Society, 2001-03)The character of data required to measure decade-to-century–scale climatic change is distinctly different from that required for weather prediction or for studies of meteorological processes. The data ought to possess the ... -
Accurate Stellar Population Studies from Multiband Photometric Observations
(American Astronomical Society, 2002)We present a new technique based on multiband near-ultraviolet and optical photometry to measure both the stellar intrinsic properties, i.e., luminosity and effective temperature, and the interstellar dust extinction along ... -
Acetylation of Surface Lysine Groups of a Protein Alters the Organization and Composition of Its Crystal Contacts
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2016)This paper uses crystals of bovine carbonic anhydrase (CA) and its acetylated variant to examine (i) how a large negative formal charge can be accommodated in protein-protein interfaces, (ii) why lysine residues are often ... -
The achievement of gender parity in a large astrophysics research centre
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-11-16)In Australian astronomy, women's representation remains at historic lows, despite a decade of initiatives aimed at improving the representation and support of women in astronomy and academia more generally. Drawing from ... -
Achieving a Strongly Temperature-Dependent Casimir Effect
(American Physical Society, 2010)We propose a method of achieving large temperature T sensitivity in the Casimir force that involves measuring the stable separation between dielectric objects immersed in a fluid. We study the Casimir force between slabs ... -
Achieving Budget-Balance with Vickrey-Based Payment Schemes in Exchanges
(2001)Generalized Vickrey mechanisms have received wide attention in the literature because they are efficient and strategy-proof, i.e. truthful bidding is optimal whatever the bids of other agents. However it is well-known that ... -
Achieving Escape Velocity: Neighborhood and School Interventions to Reduce Persistent Inequality
(American Economic Association, 2013)This paper reviews the evidence on the efficacy of neighborhood and school interventions in improving the long-run outcomes of children growing up in poor families. We focus on studies exploiting exogenous sources of ...