Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 5321-5340 of 18258

    • The evolution of intergroup bias: Perceptions and attitudes in rhesus macaques. 

      Mahajan, Neha; Martinez, Margaret A.; Gutierrez, Natashya L.; Diesendruck, Gil; Banaji, Mahzarin R.; Santos, Laurie R. (American Psychological Association (APA), 2011)
      Social psychologists have learned a great deal about the nature of intergroup conflict and the attitudinal and cognitive processes that enable it. Less is known about where these processes come from in the first place. In ...

    • The Evolution of Intron Size in Amniotes: A Role for Powered Flight? 

      Zhang, Qu; Edwards, Scott V. (Oxford University Press, 2012)
      Intronic DNA is a major component of eukaryotic genes and genomes and can be subject to selective constraint and have functions in gene regulation. Intron size is of particular interest given that it is thought to be the ...

    • The Evolution of Major Histocompatibility Complex in Birds 

      Hess, Christopher M.; Edwards, Scott (American Institute of Biological Sciences, 2002)

    • The Evolution of Marathon Running: Capabilities in Humans 

      Lieberman, Daniel Eric; Bramble, Dennis M. (Adis Online, 2007)
      Humans have exceptional capabilities to run long distances in hot, arid conditions. These abilities, unique among primates and rare among mammals, derive from a suite of specialised features that permit running humans to ...

    • The Evolution of Modern Eukaryotic Phytoplankton 

      Falkowski, Paul G.; Katz, Miriam E.; Knoll, Andrew Herbert; Quigg, Antonietta; Raven, John A.; Schofield, Oscar; Taylor, F. J. R. "Max" (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2004)
      The community structure and ecological function of contemporary marine ecosystems are critically dependent on eukaryotic phytoplankton. Although numerically inferior to cyanobacteria, these organisms are responsible for ...

    • Evolution of Nanoporosity in Dealloying 

      Erlebacher, Jonah; Aziz, Michael; Karma, Alain; Dimitrov, Nikolay; Sieradzki, Karl (Nature Publishing Group, 2001)
      Dealloying is a common corrosion process during which an alloy is 'parted' by the selective dissolution of the most electrochemically active of its elements. This process results in the formation of a nanoporous sponge ...

    • The Evolution of National and Regional Factors in U.S. Housing Construction 

      Stock, James H.; Watson, Mark (Oxford University Press, 2008)
      This paper presents and describes a newly available data set on monthly building permits for U.S. states from 1969-2007. These data are used to estimate regions of common housing construction activity. Building permits ...

    • Evolution of neuronal cell classes and types in the vertebrate retina 

      Hahn, Joshua; Monavarfeshani, Aboozar; Qiao, Mu; Kao, Alison; Kolsch, Yvonne; Kumar, Ayush; Kunze, Vincent; Richardson, Rose; Wekselblatt, Joseph; Baier, Herwig; Lucas, Robery; Meister, Markus; Trachtenberg, Joshua; Yan, Wenjun; Peng, Yi-Rong; Sanes, Joshua; Shekhar, Karthik (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-12-13)
      The basic plan of the retina is conserved across vertebrates, yet species differ profoundly in their visual needs1. One might expect that retinal cell types evolved to accommodate these varied needs, but this has not been ...

    • The evolution of non-reproductive workers in insect colonies with haplodiploid genetics 

      Olejarz, Jason W; Allen, Benjamin; Veller, Carl; Nowak, Martin A (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2015)
      Eusociality is a distinct form of biological organization. A key characteristic of advanced eusociality is the presence of non-reproductive workers. Why evolution should produce organisms that sacrifice their own reproductive ...

    • The Evolution of Nonhuman Primate Vocalizations: Effects of Phylogeny, Body Weight, and Social Context 

      Hauser, Marc David (University of Chicago Press, 1993)
      E. S. Morton proposed that, in birds and mammals, individuals tend to produce low-frequency atonal vocalizations in highly aggressive situations, whereas they typically produce high-frequency tonal vocalizations during ...

    • Evolution of Protein Expression: New Genes for a New Diet 

      Coyne, Jerry A.; Hoekstra, Hopi E. (Elsevier BV, 2007)
      A new study identifies gene duplication of a salivary enzyme as a recent adaptation to changes in diet among human populations, highlighting the diverse ways that gene regulation can evolve.

    • Evolution of Quantum Fluctuations Near the Quantum Critical Point of the Transverse Field Ising Chain System CoNb 2 O 6 

      Kinross, A. W.; Fu, M.; Munsie, T. J.; Dabkowska, H. A.; Luke, G. M.; Sachdev, Subir; Imai, T. (American Physical Society (APS), 2014)
      The transverse field Ising chain model is ideally suited for testing the fundamental ideas of quantum phase transitions because its well-known T=0 ground state can be extrapolated to finite temperatures. Nonetheless, the ...

    • The Evolution of Quorum Sensing as a Mechanism to Infer Kinship 

      Schluter, Jonas; Schoech, Armin P.; Foster, Kevin R.; Mitri, Sara (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Bacteria regulate many phenotypes via quorum sensing systems. Quorum sensing is typically thought to evolve because the regulated cooperative phenotypes are only beneficial at certain cell densities. However, quorum sensing ...

    • The evolution of reproductive structures in seed plants: a re-examination based on insights from developmental genetics 

      Mathews, Sarah L.; Kramer, Elena M. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012)
      The study of developmental genetics is providing insights into how plant morphology can and does evolve, and into the fundamental nature of specific organs. This new understanding has the potential to revise significantly ...

    • Evolution of resistance to COVID-19 vaccination with dynamic social distancing 

      Lobinska, Gabriela; Pauzner, Ady; Traulsen, Arne; Pilpel, Yitzhak; Nowak, Martin (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022-02-24)
      The greatest hope for a return to normalcy following the COVID-19 pandemic is world-wide vaccination. Yet, a relaxation of social distancing that allows increased transmissibility, coupled with selection pressure due to ...

    • Evolution of Risk and Political Regimes 

      Petrova, Maria; Bates, Robert H. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012)
      The risk of political predation impedes the achievement of economic prosperity. In this study, we analyze how the risk of predation evolves in different political regimes. Formally, we look at the interaction between a ...

    • The Evolution of Sharedplans 

      Grosz, Barbara J.; Kraus, Sarit (Springer Science + Business Media, 1999)
      Rational agents often need to work together. There are jobs that cannot be done by one agent—for example, singing a duet or operating a computer network—and jobs that are more efficiently done by more than one agent—for ...

    • Evolution of Spur-Length Diversity in Aquilegia Petals Is Achieved Solely Through Cell-Shape Anisotropy 

      Puzey, Joshua Robert; Gerbode, S. J.; Hodges, S. A.; Kramer, Elena M.; Mahadevan, Lakshminarayanan (The Royal Society, 2012)
      The role of petal spurs and specialized pollinator interactions has been studied since Darwin. Aquilegia petal spurs exhibit striking size and shape diversity, correlated with specialized pollinators ranging from bees to ...

    • Evolution of sweet taste perception in hummingbirds by transformation of the ancestral umami receptor 

      Baldwin, Maude Wheeler; Toda, Y.; Nakagita, T.; O'Connell, Mary J.; Klasing, Kirk C.; Misaka, T.; Edwards, Scott V.; Liberles, Stephen D (American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2014)
      Sensory systems define an animal's capacity for perception and can evolve to promote survival in new environmental niches. We have uncovered a noncanonical mechanism for sweet taste perception that evolved in hummingbirds ...

    • Evolution of the 21 cm signal throughout cosmic history 

      Pritchard, Jonathan R.; Loeb, Abraham (American Physical Society, 2008-11-13)
      The potential use of the redshifted 21 cm line from neutral hydrogen for probing the epoch of reionization is motivating the construction of several low-frequency interferometers. There is also much interest in the possibility ...