Now showing items 838-857 of 18256

    • Are Government Bonds Net Wealth? 

      Barro, Robert J. (University of Chicago Press, 1974)
      The assumption that government bonds are perceived as net wealth by the private sector is crucial in demonstrating real effects of shifts in the stock of public debt. In particular, the standard effects of "expansionary" ...
    • Are H I Supershells the Remnants of Gamma-Ray Bursts? 

      Loeb, Abraham; Perna, Rosalba (American Astronomical Society, 1998)
      Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are thought to originate at cosmological distances from the most powerful explosions in the universe. If GRBs are not beamed, then the distribution of their number as a function of gamma-ray flux ...
    • Are Humans Too Generous and Too Punitive? Using Psychological Principles to Further Debates about Human Social Evolution 

      Krasnow, Max M.; Delton, Andrew W. (Frontiers Media S.A., 2016)
      Are humans too generous and too punitive? Many researchers have concluded that classic theories of social evolution (e.g., direct reciprocity, reputation) are not sufficient to explain human cooperation; instead, group ...
    • Are Large-Scale Dams Environmentally Detrimental? Life-Cycle Environmental Consequences of Mega-Hydropower Plants in Myanmar 

      Aung, Thiri Shwesin; Fischer, Thomas B.; Azmi, Azlin Suhaida (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-07-21)
      Purpose: Rivers control biophysical processes that underpin essential ecosystem services. Myanmar’s rivers provide great opportunities for increasing energy supply at low costs from hydropower plants and make important ...
    • Are Micro and Macro Labor Supply Elasticities Consistent? A Review of Evidence on the Intensive and Extensive Margins 

      Chetty, Nadarajan; Guren, Adam Michael; Day, Manoli; Weber, Andrea (The American Economic Association, 2011)
      We evaluate whether state-of-the-art macro models featuring indivisible labor are consistent with modern quasi-experimental micro evidence by synthesizing evidence on both the intensive and extensive margins. We find that ...
    • Are most low-luminosity active galactic nuclei really obscured? 

      Hopkins, Philip F.; Hickox, Ryan; Quataert, Eliot; Hernquist, Lars (Oxford University Press, 2009)
      At low Eddington ratios ((m)over dot), two effects make it more difficult to detect certain active galactic nuclei (AGN) given a particular set of selection methods. First, even allowing for fixed accretion physics, at low ...
    • Are Mutualisms Maintained by Host Sanctions or Partner Fidelity Feedback? 

      Weyl, Eric Glen; Frederickson, Megan E.; Yu, Douglas W.; Pierce, Naomi Ellen (National Academy of Sciences, 2010)
      Although mutualisms are common in all ecological communities and have played key roles in the diversification of life, our current understanding of the evolution of cooperation applies mostly to social behavior within a ...
    • Are Output Fluctuations Transitory? 

      Campbell, John; Mankiw, Gregory (MIT Press, 1987)
      According to the conventional view of the business cycle, fluctuations in output represent temporary deviations from trend. The purpose of this paper is to question this conventional view. If fluctuations in output are ...
    • Are PCPs Inherent in Efficient Arguments? 

      Rothblum, Guy N.; Vadhan, Salil P. (Hasso-Plattner-Institut fuer Softwaresystemtechnik GmbH, 2009)
      Starting with Kilian (STOC ‘92), several works have shown how to use probabilistically checkable proofs (PCPs) and cryptographic primitives such as collision-resistant hashing to construct very efficient argument systems ...
    • Are Self-Injurers Impulsive? 

      Janis, Irene Belle; Nock, Matthew K. (Elsevier, 2009)
      Common clinical wisdom suggests that people who engage in self-injury are impulsive. However, virtually all prior work in this area has relied on individuals’ self-report of impulsiveness, despite evidence that people are ...
    • Are social norms and reciprocity necessary for early helping? 

      Warneken, Felix (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015)
    • Are Testers Also Admitters? Comparing Emergency Physician Resource Utilization and Admitting Practices 

      Hodgson, Nicole; Saghafian, Soroush; Mi, Lanyu; Buras, Matthew; Katz, Eric; Pines, Jesse; Sanchez, Leon; Silvers, Scott; Maher, Steven; Traub, Stephen (Elsevier BV, 2018-10)
      Objective: To describe the relationship between emergency department resource utilization and admission rate at the level of the individual physician. Methods: Retrospective observational study of physician resource ...
    • Are the 41kyr Glacial Oscillations a Linear Response to Milankovitch Forcing? 

      Ashkenazy, Yosef; Tziperman, Eli (Elsevier, 2004)
      The characteristics of glacial oscillations changed drastically ~0.8Ma ago, at the ‘‘mid-Pleistocene transition’’. During the past 0.8Ma the ~100 kyr glacial–interglacial oscillations were strongly asymmetric (i.e., long ...
    • Are the Magellanic Clouds on Their First Passage about the Milky Way? 

      Besla, Gurtina; Kallivayalil, Nitya; Hernquist, Lars; Robertson, Brant; Cox, T. J.; van der Marel, Roeland P.; Alcock, Charles (American Astronomical Society, 2007)
    • Are There Edenic Grounds of Perceptual Intentionality? 

      Siegel, Susanna C. (Oxford University Press, 2012-11-26)
      This is a critical piece on "The Character of Consciousness" by David Chalmers. It focuses on Chalmers's two-stage view of perceptual content and the epistemology of perceptual belief that flows from this theory, and ...
    • Are There True Cosmopolitan Sipunculan Worms? A Genetic Variation Study Within Phascolosoma perlucens (Sipuncula, Phascolosomatidae) 

      Kawauchi, Gisele Y.; Giribet, Gonzalo (Springer Science + Business Media, 2010)
      Phascolosoma perlucens is one of the most common intertidal sipunculan species and has been considered a circumtropical cosmopolitan taxon due to the presence of a long-lived larva. To verify whether P. perlucens is a true ...
    • Are We All Global Historians Now? An Interview with David Armitage 

      Armitage, David R.; Jacobs, Jaap; van Ittersum, Martine (Cambridge, 2012)
    • Are We Beyond Good and Evil? 

      Webel, Charles; Stigliano, Anthony (2004)
      In this essay, we criticize the tacit radical psychological materialist reduction of mental to brain behavior and the consequent ‘elimination’ of ethical categories from ‘scientific’ discourse. Our argument, following ...
    • Are we there yet? Tracking the Development of New Model Systems 

      Abzhanov, Arkhat; Extavour, Cassandra; Groover, Andrew; Hodges, Scott A.; Hoekstra, Hopi; Kramer, Elena; Monteiro, Antonia (Elsevier, 2008)
      It is increasingly clear that additional "model" systems are needed to elucidate the genetic and developmental basis of organismal diversity. Whereas model system development previously required enormous investment, recent ...
    • Are We Winning the War against Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? 

      McNally, Richard J. (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2012)
      The most methodologically rigorous epidemiological study on American military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan found that 4.3% of troops developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Among deployed combatants, ...