Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "Cellular Types"
Now showing items 1-20 of 22
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3D Multicolor Super-Resolution Imaging Offers Improved Accuracy in Neuron Tracing
(Public Library of Science, 2012)The connectivity among neurons holds the key to understanding brain function. Mapping neural connectivity in brain circuits requires imaging techniques with high spatial resolution to facilitate neuron tracing and high ... -
Analysis of a Mouse Skin Model of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant tumor suppressor gene syndrome in which patients develop several types of tumors, including facial angiofibroma, subungual fibroma, Shagreen patch, angiomyolipomas, ... -
Analysis of the Effects of Five Factors Relevant to In Vitro Chondrogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Factorial Design and High Throughput mRNA-Profiling
(Public Library of Science, 2014)The in vitro process of chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering has been shown to require three-dimensional culture along with the addition of differentiation factors to the culture ... -
Caveolin-1 Is a Critical Determinant of Autophagy, Metabolic Switching, and Oxidative Stress in Vascular Endothelium
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Caveolin-1 is a scaffolding/regulatory protein that interacts with diverse signaling molecules. Caveolin-1null mice have marked metabolic abnormalities, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. ... -
Comparison and Optimization of hiPSC Forebrain Cortical Differentiation Protocols
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Several protocols have been developed for human induced pluripotent stem cell neuronal differentiation. We compare several methods for forebrain cortical neuronal differentiation by assessing cell morphology, immunostaining ... -
Computing Complex Visual Features with Retinal Spike Times
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Neurons in sensory systems can represent information not only by their firing rate, but also by the precise timing of individual spikes. For example, certain retinal ganglion cells, first identified in the salamander, ... -
Derivation of Corneal Keratocyte-Like Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Corneal diseases such as keratoconus represent a relatively common disorder in the human population. However, treatment is restricted to corneal transplantation, which only occurs in the most advanced cases. Cell based ... -
Distinct Contributions of Astrocytes and Pericytes to Neuroinflammation Identified in a 3D Human Blood-Brain Barrier on a Chip
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Neurovascular inflammation is a major contributor to many neurological disorders, but modeling these processes in vitro has proven to be difficult. Here, we microengineered a three-dimensional (3D) model of the human ... -
Fibroblasts Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Activate Angiogenic Responses In Vitro and In Vivo
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (hESC/hiPSC) are promising cell sources for the derivation of large numbers of specific cell types for tissue engineering and cell therapy applications. We have describe ... -
Germ Cells Are Not Required to Establish the Female Pathway in Mouse Fetal Gonads
(Public Library of Science, 2012)The fetal gonad is composed of a mixture of somatic cell lineages and germ cells. The fate of the gonad, male or female, is determined by a population of somatic cells that differentiate into Sertoli or granulosa cells and ... -
Heat Shock Protein-90 Inhibitors Enhance Antigen Expression on Melanomas and Increase T Cell Recognition of Tumor Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2014)In an effort to enhance antigen-specific T cell recognition of cancer cells, we have examined numerous modulators of antigen-expression. In this report we demonstrate that twelve different Hsp90 inhibitors (iHsp90) share ... -
Immunotherapy in the Precision Medicine Era: Melanoma and Beyond
(Public Library of Science, 2016)In a Perspective, Mack Su and David Fisher discuss the development of immunotherapies for treatment of melanoma and other cancer types. -
Normalized Neural Representations of Complex Odors
(Public Library of Science, 2016)The olfactory system removes correlations in natural odors using a network of inhibitory neurons in the olfactory bulb. It has been proposed that this network integrates the response from all olfactory receptors and inhibits ... -
Persistent Low-Level Replication of SIVΔnef Drives Maturation of Antibody and CD8 T Cell Responses to Induce Protective Immunity against Vaginal SIV Infection
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Defining the correlates of immune protection conferred by SIVΔnef, the most effective vaccine against SIV challenge, could enable the design of a protective vaccine against HIV infection. Here we provide a comprehensive ... -
Polycomb-Mediated Repression and Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Interact to Regulate Merkel Cell Specification during Skin Development
(Public Library of Science, 2016)An increasing amount of evidence indicates that developmental programs are tightly regulated by the complex interplay between signaling pathways, as well as transcriptional and epigenetic processes. Here, we have uncovered ... -
Rabies Internalizes into Primary Peripheral Neurons via Clathrin Coated Pits and Requires Fusion at the Cell Body
(Public Library of Science, 2016)The single glycoprotein (G) of rabies virus (RABV) dictates all viral entry steps from receptor engagement to membrane fusion. To study the uptake of RABV into primary neuronal cells in culture, we generated a recombinant ... -
Real-Time Predictions of Reservoir Size and Rebound Time during Antiretroviral Therapy Interruption Trials for HIV
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Monitoring the efficacy of novel reservoir-reducing treatments for HIV is challenging. The limited ability to sample and quantify latent infection means that supervised antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption studies are ... -
Regulation of Gene Expression in Autoimmune Disease Loci and the Genetic Basis of Proliferation in CD4+ Effector Memory T Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subsequent dense-genotyping of associated loci identified over a hundred single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type ... -
The Role of Muscle microRNAs in Repairing the Neuromuscular Junction
(Public Library of Science, 2014)microRNAs have been implicated in mediating key aspects of skeletal muscle development and responses to diseases and injury. Recently, we demonstrated that a synaptically enriched microRNA, miR-206, functions to promote ... -
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Function as a Long-Term, Multi-Modal Imaging Label for Non-Invasive Tracking of Implanted Progenitor Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2014)The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles to function as a long-term tracking label for multi-modal imaging of implanted engineered tissues containing ...