Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "climate change"
Now showing items 1-20 of 25
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The abiotic and biotic drivers of rapid diversification in Andean bellflowers (Campanulaceae)
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)Summary The tropical Andes of South America, the world's richest biodiversity hotspot, are home to many rapid radiations. While geological, climatic, and ecological processes collectively explain such radiations, their ... -
Additive Damages, Fat-Tailed Climate Dynamics, and Uncertain Discounting
(Economics, 2009)This paper in applied theory argues that there is a loose chain of reasoning connecting the following three basic links in the economics of climate change: 1) additive disutility damages may be appropriate for analyzing ... -
Climate Change and Global Food Systems: Potential Impacts on Food Security and Undernutrition
(Annual Reviews, 2017)Great progress has been made in addressing global undernutrition over the past several decades, in part because of large increases in food production from agricultural expansion and intensification. Food systems, however, ... -
Climate Change and the Integrity of Science
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2010)We are deeply disturbed by the recent escalation of political assaults on scientists in general and on climate scientists in particular. All citizens should understand some basic scientific facts. There is always some ... -
Climate response to the increase in tropospheric ozone since preindustrial times: A comparison between ozone and equivalent CO 2 forcings
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2004)We examine the characteristics of the climate response to anthropogenic changes in tropospheric ozone. Using a general circulation model, we have carried out a pair of equilibrium climate simulations with realistic present-day ... -
A Climatic Driver for Abrupt Mid-Holocene Vegetation Dynamics and the Hemlock Decline in New England
(Ecological Society of America, 2006)The mid-Holocene decline of eastern hemlock is widely viewed as the sole prehistorical example of an insect- or pathogen-mediated collapse of a North American tree species and has been extensively studied for insights into ... -
Climatic Drivers of Hemispheric Asymmetry in Global Patterns of Ant Species Richness
(Blackwell Science, 2009)Although many taxa show a latitudinal gradient in richness, the relationship between latitude and species richness is often asymmetrical between the northern and southern hemispheres. Here we examine the latitudinal pattern ... -
Common Garden Experiments Reveal Uncommon Responses across Temperatures, Locations, and Species of Ants
(Wiley Open Access, 2012-10-12)Population changes and shifts in geographic range boundaries induced by climate change have been documented for many insect species. On the basis of such studies, ecological forecasting models predict that, in the absence ... -
Correlations between Fine Particulate Matter \((PM_{2.5})\) and Meteorological Variables in the United States: Implications for the Sensitivity of \(PM_{2.5}\) to Climate Change
(Elsevier, 2010)We applied a multiple linear regression (MLR) model to study the correlations of total \(PM_{2.5}\) and its components with meteorological variables using an 11-year (1998–2008) observational record over the contiguous US. ... -
Effect of Climate Change on Air Quality
(Elsevier, 2009)Air quality is strongly dependent on weather and is therefore sensitive to climate change. Recent studies have provided estimates of this climate effect through correlations of air quality with meteorological variables, ... -
Effects of Short-Term Warming On Low and High Latitude Forest Ant Communities
(Ecological Society of America, 2011)Climatic change is expected to have differential effects on ecological communities in different geographic areas. However, few studies have experimentally demonstrated the effects of warming on communities simultaneously ... -
The Fate of an Engineered Planet
(Nature Publishing Group, 2013)Solar engineering and other exceptionally ambitious new technologies to deal with the reality of rising global temperatures come riddled with uncertainties. To illustrate how complex the problem is and what kind of challenges ... -
Heating Up the Forest: Open-Top Chamber Warming Manipulation of Arthropod Communities at Harvard and Duke Forests
(John Wiley & Sons, 2011)1. Recent observations indicate that climatic change is altering biodiversity, and models suggest that the consequences of climate change will differ across latitude. However, long-term experimental field manipulations ... -
Herbarium records are reliable sources of phenological change driven by climate and provide novel insights into species’ phenological cueing mechanisms
(Botanical Society of America, 2015)Premise of the study: Climate change has resulted in major changes in the phenology of some species but not others. Long-term field observational records provide the best assessment of these changes, but geographic and ... -
The influence of land use and climate change on forest biomass and composition in Massachusetts, USA
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)Land use and climate change have complex and interacting effects on naturally dynamic forest landscapes. To anticipate and adapt to these changes, it is necessary to understand their individual and aggregate impacts on ... -
Large Pt Anomaly in the Greenland Ice Core Points to a Cataclysm at the Onset of Younger Dryas
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013)One explanation of the abrupt cooling episode known as the Younger Dryas (YD) is a cosmic impact or airburst at the YD boundary (YDB) that triggered cooling and resulted in other calamities, including the disappearance of ... -
Modeling Range Dynamics In Heterogeneous Landscapes: Invasion Of The Hemlock Woolly Adelgid In Eastern North America
(Ecological Society of America, 2012)Range expansion by native and exotic species will continue to be a major component of global change. Anticipating the potential effects of changes in species distributions requires models capable of forecasting population ... -
Phenological niches and the future of invaded ecosystems with climate change
(Oxford University Press, 2014)In recent years, research in invasion biology has focused increasing attention on understanding the role of phenology in shaping plant invasions. Multiple studies have found non-native species that tend to flower distinctly ... -
Phylogeny and Palaeoecology of Polyommatus Blue Butterflies Show Beringia Was a Climate-Regulated Gateway to the New World.
(Royal Society, 2011)Transcontinental dispersals by organisms usually represent improbable events that constitute a major challenge for biogeographers. By integrating molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and palaeoecology, we test a ... -
Predicting Climate Change Impacts on the Amount and Duration of Autumn Colors in a New England Forest
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Climate change affects the phenology of many species. As temperature and precipitation are thought to control autumn color change in temperate deciduous trees, it is possible that climate change might also affect the ...