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Earthquake Ruptures with Thermal Weakening and the Operation of Major Faults at Low Overall Stress Levels
(American Geophysical Union, 2009)
We model ruptures on faults that weaken in response to flash heating of microscopic asperity contacts (within a rate-and-state framework) and thermal pressurization of pore fluid. These are arguably the primary weakening ...
Thermal Pressurization and Onset of Melting in Fault Zones
(American Geophysical Union, 2006)
We examine how frictional heating drives the evolution of temperature, strength, and fracture energy during earthquake slip. For small slip distances, heat and pore fluid are unable to escape the shearing fault core, and ...
Does Shear Heating of Pore Fluid Contribute to Earthquake Nucleation?
(American Geophysical Union, 2006)
Earthquake nucleation requires reduction of frictional strength \(\tau = \mu (\sigma - p) \) with slip or slip rate, where \(\mu, \sigma_n\), and \(p\) are the friction coefficient, normal stress, and fluid pressure, ...
Off-Fault Plasticity and Earthquake Rupture Dynamics: 2. Effects of Fluid Saturation
(American Geophysical Union, 2008)
We present an analysis of inelastic off-fault response in fluid-saturated material during earthquake shear rupture. The analysis is conducted for 2-D plane strain deformation using an explicit dynamic finite element ...
Earthquake Slip Between Dissimilar Poroelastic Materials
(American Geophysical Union, 2008)
A mismatch of elastic properties across a fault induces normal stress changes during spatially nonuniform in-plane slip. Recently, Rudnicki and Rice showed that similar effects follow from a mismatch of poroelastic properties ...
Possible Mechanisms for Glacial Earthquakes
(American Geophysical Union, 2008)
The large glacial earthquakes reported on by Ekström et al. (2003, 2006) and Tsai and Ekström (2007) have previously been evaluated in terms of their seismic characteristics. In this paper we attempt to take constraints ...
Modeling Turbulent Hydraulic Fracture Near a Free Surface
(American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012)
Motivated by observations of subglacial drainage of water, we consider a hydraulic fracture problem in which the crack fluid flow. Using a hybrid Chebyshev/series-minimization numerical approach, we solve for the pressure ...
Tsunami Wave Analysis and Possibility of Splay Fault Rupture During the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake
(Springer, 2012)
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was observed by two satellites, close in space and time, that traversed the Indian ocean two hours after the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, but which observed different tsunami lead wave morphologies. ...
Finite Element Model of Branched Ruptures Including Off-Fault Plasticity
(Seismological Society of America, 2012)
Fault intersections are a geometric complexity that frequently occurs in nature. Here we focus on earthquake rupture behavior when a continuous, planar main fault has a second fault branching off of it. We use the finite ...
Nucleation of Slip-Weakening Rupture Instability in Landslides by Localized Increase of Pore Pressure
(American Geophysical Union, 2012)
We model landslide initiation as slip surface growth driven by local elevated pore pressure, with particular reference to submarine slides. Assuming an elastic medium and friction that weakens with slip, solutions exist ...