Direct parsing of ID/LP grammars

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Shieber, Stuart M. Direct parsing of ID/LP grammars. Linguistics and Philosophy, 7(2):135-154, 1984. The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com.Abstract
The Immediate Dominance/Linear Precedence (ID/LP) formalism is a recentextension of Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG) designed to
perform some of the tasks previously assigned to metarules--for example,
modeling the word-order characteristics of so-called free-word-order
languages. It allows a simple specification of classes of rules that
differ only in constituent order. ID/LP grammars (as well as metarule
grammars) have been proposed for use in parsing by expanding them into
equivalent context-free grammars. We develop a parsing algorithm, based
on the algorithm of Earley, for parsing ID/LP grammars directly,
circumventing the initial expansion phase. A proof of correctness is
supplied. We also discuss some aspects of the time complexity of the
algorithm and some formal properties associated with ID/LP grammars and
their relationship to context-free grammars.
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