Browsing Harvard Kennedy School by Keyword "MBG - Markets, Business, and Government"
Now showing items 21-40 of 56
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The Elasticity of Trust: How to Promote Trust in the Arab Middle East and the United States
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)To trust is to risk. When we lend someone money, we make ourselves vulnerable, hoping or expecting that the borrower will reward our trust and return the money at a later stage, possibly with interest or a reciprocal favor ... -
Environmental Effects of International Trade
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2009)The report surveys the state of our knowledge regarding the effects of trade on the environment. A central question is whether globalization helps or hurts in achieving the best tradeoff between environmental and economic ... -
An Expanded Three-Part Architecture for Post-2012 International Climate Policy
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2009)We describe the major features of a post-2012 international global climate policy architecture with three essential elements: a means to ensure that key industrialized and developing nations are involved in differentiated ... -
Female Employment and Fertility in Rural China
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)Data on 2,288 married women from the 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey are deployed to study how off-farm female employment affects fertility. Such employment reduces a married woman’s actual number of children by ... -
Fuel Tax Incidence and Supply Conditions
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)In this paper, we provide new evidence regarding the pass-through of diesel and gasoline taxes to prices, and how the estimated pass-through depends on a variety of supply conditions including a measure of state residual ... -
Gasoline Taxes and Consumer Behavior
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, 2012)Gasoline taxes can be employed to correct externalities associated with automobile use, to reduce dependency on foreign oil, and to raise government revenue. Our understanding of the optimal gasoline tax and the efficacy ... -
Generic Script Share and the Price of Brand-Name Drugs: The Role of Consumer Choice
(2012-01-26)Pharmaceutical expenditures have grown rapidly in recent decades, and now total nearly 10% of health care costs. Generic drug utilization has risen substantially alongside, from 19% of scripts in 1984 to 47% in 2001, thus ... -
Health Insurance Exchanges — Making the Markets Work
(Massachusetts Medical Society, 2009)Americans purchase health insurance in various ways. Some buy individual policies. For them, medical underwriting is common, and preexisting conditions can preclude, limit, or dramatically increase the cost of coverage. ... -
How Good Politics Results in Bad Policy: The Case of Biofuel Mandates
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)Biofuels have become big policy and big business. Government targets, mandates, and blending quotas have created a growing demand for biofuels. Some say that the U.S. biofuels industry was created by government policies. ... -
Interactions Between State and Federal Climate Change Policies
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)Federal action addressing climate change is likely to emerge either through new legislation or via the U.S. EPA’s authority under the Clean Air Act. The prospect of federal action raises important questions regarding the ... -
Mergers and Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Market
(John F.Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University., 2011)The U.S. pharmaceutical industry has experienced in recent years two dramatic changes: stagnation in the growth of new molecular entities approved for marketing, and a wave of mergers linking inter alia some of the largest ... -
The Methodology of Positive Policy Analysis
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)Policy analyses frequently clash. Their disagreements stem from many sources, such as models, empirical estimates, values, who should have standing, and weighting of different criteria. We provide a simple taxonomy of ... -
On the Measurement of Poverty Dynamics
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2009)This paper introduces a family of multi-period poverty measures derived from commonly used static poverty measures. Our measures trade-off poverty levels and changes (gains and losses) over time, and are consistent with ... -
The Online Laboratory: Conducting Experiments in a Real Labor Market
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)Online labor markets have great potential as platforms for conducting experiments, as they provide immediate access to a large and diverse subject pool and allow researchers to conduct randomized controlled trials. We argue ... -
Parallel R&D Paths Revisited
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2011)This paper revisits the logic of pursuing parallel R&D paths when there is uncertainty as to which approaches will succeed technically and/or economically. Previous findings by Richard Nelson and the present author are ... -
A Perplexed Economist Confronts 'Too Big to Fail'
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)This paper, written for a conference at the Fordham University Law School, examines various facets of the “too big to fail” debate. It notes that in the current context, “too big to fail” may imply systemic risks from large ... -
Politically Feasible Emission Target Formulas to Attain 460 ppm CO2 Concentrations
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2011)A new climate change treaty must plug three gaps: the absence of emission targets extending far into the future, the absence of participation by the United States, China, and other developing countries, and the absence of ... -
Politically Feasible Emissions Targets to Attain 460 ppm CO2 Concentrations
(Oxford University Press, 2012)A new climate change treaty must address three current gaps: the absence of emissions targets extending far into the future; the absence of participation by the United States, China, and other developing countries; and the ... -
A Preliminary Review of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act’s Clean Energy Package
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2011)The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act included more than $90 billion in strategic clean energy investments intended to promote job creation and promote deployment of low-carbon technologies. In terms of spending, the ... -
The Problem of the Commons: Still Unsettled After 100 Years
(John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2010)The problem of the commons is more important to our lives and thus more central to economics than a century ago when Katharine Coman led off the first issue of the American Economic Review. As the U.S. and other economies ...