PAR-TERRA directs homologous sex chromosome pairing
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Chu, Hsueh-Ping
Oh, Hyun Jung
Pinter, Stefan F.
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https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3432Metadata
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Chu, Hsueh-Ping, John E. Froberg, Barry Kesner, Hyun Jung Oh, Fei Ji, Ruslan Sadreyev, Stefan F. Pinter, and Jeannie T. Lee. 2017. “PAR-TERRA directs homologous sex chromosome pairing.” Nature structural & molecular biology 24 (8): 620-631. doi:10.1038/nsmb.3432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3432.Abstract
In mammals, homologous chromosomes rarely pair outside of meiosis. An exception is the X-chromosome, which transiently pairs during X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). How two chromosomes find each other in 3D space is not known. Here, we reveal a required interaction between the X-inactivation center (Xic) and the telomere in mouse embryonic stem cells. The sub-telomeric, pseudoautosomal region (PAR) of both sex chromosomes (X,Y) also undergoes pairing. PAR transcribes a class of telomeric RNA, dubbed “PAR-TERRA”, which accounts for a vast majority of all TERRA transcripts. PAR-TERRA binds throughout the genome, including PAR and Xic. PAR-TERRA anchors the Xic to PAR, creating a “tetrad” of pairwise homologous interactions (Xic:Xic, PAR:PAR, Xic:PAR). Xic pairing occurs within the tetrad. Depleting PAR-TERRA abrogates pairing and blocks initiation of XCI, whereas autosomal PAR-TERRA induces ectopic pairing. We proposed a Constrained Diffusion Model in which PAR-TERRA creates an interaction hub to guide Xic homology searching during XCI.Other Sources
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5553554/pdf/Terms of Use
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http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34869004
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