Intakes of fruit, vegetables, and carotenoids and renal cell cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 13 prospective studies
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Author
Lee, Jung Eun
Männistö, Satu
Spiegelman, Donna
Hunter, David
Bernstein, Leslie
van den Brandt, Piet A.
Buring, Julie
Cho, Eunyoung
English, Dallas
Flood, Andrew
Freudenheim, Jo
Giles, Graham
Giovannucci, Edward
Håkansson, Niclas
Horn-Ross, Pamela
Jacobs, Eric
Leitzmann, Michael
Marshall, James
McCullough, Marjorie
Miller, Anthony
Rohan, Thomas
Ross, Julie
Schatzkin, Arthur
Schouten, Leo
Virtamo, Jarmo
Wolk, Alicja
Zhang, Shumin
Smith-Warner, Stephanie
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https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0045Metadata
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Lee, J. E., S. Mannisto, D. Spiegelman, D. J. Hunter, L. Bernstein, P. A. van den Brandt, J. E. Buring, et al. 2009. “Intakes of Fruit, Vegetables, and Carotenoids and Renal Cell Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of 13 Prospective Studies.” Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 18 (6): 1730–39. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0045.Abstract
Fruit and vegetable consumption has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of renal cell cancer. We conducted a pooled analysis of 13 prospective studies, including 1,478 incident cases of renal cell cancer (709 women and 769 men) among 530,469 women and 244,483 men followed for up to 7 to 20 years. Participants completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. Using the primary data from each study, the study-specific relative risks (RR) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random effects model. We found that fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with a reduced risk of renal cell cancer. Compared with <200 g/d of fruit and vegetable intake, the pooled multivariate RR for >= 600 g/d was 0.68 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.54-0.87; P for between-studies heterogeneity = 0.86; P for trend = 0.001]. Compared with <100 g/d, the pooled multivariate RRs (95% CI) for 400 g/d were 0.79 (0.63-0.99; P for trend = 0.03) for total fruit and 0.72 (0.48-1.08; P for trend = 0.07) for total vegetables. For specific carotenoids, the pooled multivariate RRs (95% CIs) comparing the highest and lowest quintiles were 0.87 (0.73-1.03) for alpha-carotene, 0.82 (0.69-0.98) for beta-carotene, 0.86 (0.73-1.01) for beta-cryptoxanthin, 0.82 (0.64-1.06) for lutein/zeaxanthin, and 1.13 (0.95-1.34) for lycopene. In conclusion, increasing fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with decreasing risk of renal cell cancer; carotenoids present in fruit and vegetables may partly contribute to this protection. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(6):1730-9)Terms of Use
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