TeV Neutrinos and GeV Photons from Shock Breakout in Supernovae

Abstract

We show that as a Type II supernova shock breaks out of its progenitor star, it becomes collisionless and may accelerate protons to energies >10 TeV. Inelastic nuclear collisions of these protons produce an similar to1 h long flash of TeV neutrinos and 10 GeV photons, about 10 h after the thermal (10 MeV) neutrino burst from the cooling neutron star. A Galactic supernova in a red supergiant star would produce a photon and neutrino flux of similar to 10(-4) erg cm(-2) s(-1). A km(2) neutrino detector will detect similar to 100 muons, thus allowing to constrain both supernova models and neutrino properties.