Fatigue-free, superstretchable, transparent, and biocompatible metal electrodes
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Author
Guo, Chuan Fei
Liu, Qihan
Wang, Guohui
Wang, Yecheng
Shi, Zhengzheng
Suo, Zhigang
Chu, Ching-Wu
Ren, Zhifeng
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https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516873112Metadata
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Guo, Chuan Fei, Qihan Liu, Guohui Wang, Yecheng Wang, Zhengzheng Shi, Zhigang Suo, Ching-Wu Chu, and Zhifeng Ren. 2015. “Fatigue-Free, Superstretchable, Transparent, and Biocompatible Metal Electrodes.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112 (40): 12332–37. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516873112.Abstract
Next-generation flexible electronics require highly stretchable and transparent electrodes. Few electronic conductors are both transparent and stretchable, and even fewer can be cyclically stretched to a large strain without causing fatigue. Fatigue, which is often an issue of strained materials causing failure at low strain levels of cyclic loading, is detrimental to materials under repeated loads in practical applications. Here we show that optimizing topology and/or tuning adhesion of metal nanomeshes can significantly improve stretchability and eliminate strain fatigue. The ligaments in an Au nanomesh on a slippery substrate can locally shift to relax stress upon stretching and return to the original configurationwhen stress is removed. The Au nanomesh keeps a low sheet resistance and high transparency, comparable to those of strain-free indium tin oxide films, when the nanomesh is stretched to a strain of 300%, or shows no fatigue after 50,000 stretches to a strain up to 150%. Moreover, the Au nanomesh is biocompatible and penetrable to biomacromolecules in fluid. The superstretchable transparent conductors are highly desirable for stretchable photoelectronics, electronic skins, and implantable electronics.Terms of Use
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