Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title
Now showing items 10314-10333 of 18428
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Malignant cells facilitate lung metastasis by bringing their own soil
(National Academy of Sciences, 2010)Metastatic cancer cells (seeds) preferentially grow in the secondary sites with a permissive microenvironment (soil). We show that the metastatic cells can bring their own soil-stromal components including activated ... -
Malpractice Liability and Defensive Medicine: A National Survey of Neurosurgeons
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2012)Background: Concern over rising healthcare expenditures has led to increased scrutiny of medical practices. As medical liability and malpractice risk rise to crisis levels, the medical-legal environment has contributed to ... -
The ‘Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure’ (MACE) Scale for the Retrospective Assessment of Abuse and Neglect During Development
(Public Library of Science, 2015)There is increasing interest in childhood maltreatment as a potent stimulus that may alter trajectories of brain development, induce epigenetic modifications and enhance risk for medical and psychiatric disorders. Although ... -
A Mammal-Specific Doublesex Homolog Associates with Male Sex Chromatin and Is Required for Male Meiosis
(Public Library of Science, 2007)Gametogenesis is a sexually dimorphic process requiring profound differences in germ cell differentiation between the sexes. In mammals, the presence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes in males creates additional sex-specific ... -
Mammalian CD1 and MR1 genes
(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016)All higher vertebrates share the fundamental components of the adaptive immune system: the B cell receptor, the T cell receptor, and classical MHC proteins. At a more detailed level, their immune systems vary considerably, ... -
Mammalian E-type Cyclins Control Chromosome Pairing, Telomere Stability and CDK2 Localization in Male Meiosis
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Loss of function of cyclin E1 or E2, important regulators of the mitotic cell cycle, yields viable mice, but E2-deficient males display reduced fertility. To elucidate the role of E-type cyclins during spermatogenesis, we ... -
Mammalian gastrointestinal tract parameters modulating the integrity, surface properties, and absorption of food‐relevant nanomaterials
(John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015)Many natural chemicals in food are in the nanometer size range, and the selective uptake of nutrients with nanoscale dimensions by the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a normal physiological process. Novel engineered ... -
Mammalian reovirus, a nonfusogenic nonenveloped virus, forms size-selective pores in a model membrane
(National Academy of Sciences, 2006)During cell entry, reovirus particles with a diameter of 70-80 nm must penetrate the cellular membrane to access the cytoplasm. The mechanism of penetration, without benefit of membrane fusion, is not well characterized ... -
Mammalian Sleep Dynamics: How Diverse Features Arise From a Common Physiological Framework
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Mammalian sleep varies widely, ranging from frequent napping in rodents to consolidated blocks in primates and unihemispheric sleep in cetaceans. In humans, rats, mice and cats, sleep patterns are orchestrated by homeostatic ... -
Mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes and cancer: Mechanistic insights gained from human genomics
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2015)Over the past 4 years, nearly 100 exome sequencing studies have revealed the high frequency of mutations in the genes encoding the subunits of ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers in human cancer. Most of these mutations are ... -
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Is a Therapeutic Target for Murine Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinomas with Dysregulated Wnt/\(\beta\)-Catenin and PTEN
(Public Library of Science, 2011)Despite the fact that epithelial ovarian cancers are the leading cause of death from gynecological cancer, very little is known about the pathophysiology of the disease. Mutations in the WNT and PI3K pathways are frequently ... -
A Mammary-type Myofibroblastoma of the Prostate: A Case Report
(Elsevier, 2016)We report the case of a 51-year-old gentleman presenting with obstructive and irritative urinary symptoms, found to have a large prostate mass on imaging. A radical prostatectomy was performed and pathological diagnosis ... -
Mammographic density and breast cancer risk: a mediation analysis
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: High mammographic density (MD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. However, it is unclear whether high MD is an intermediate phenotype or whether breast cancer risk factors influence breast cancer risk ... -
Mammographic density and risk of breast cancer by age and tumor characteristics
(BioMed Central, 2013)Introduction: Understanding whether mammographic density (MD) is associated with all breast tumor subtypes and whether the strength of association varies by age is important for utilizing MD in risk models. Methods: Data ... -
Mammographic density as a mediator for breast cancer risk: analytic approaches
(BioMed Central, 2012)Mammographic breast density has been found to be associated with breast cancer risk. Many of the traditional risk factors for breast cancer are themselves associated with mammographic breast density. A natural question ... -
Mammographic density assessed on paired raw and processed digital images and on paired screen-film and digital images across three mammography systems
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Inter-women and intra-women comparisons of mammographic density (MD) are needed in research, clinical and screening applications; however, MD measurements are influenced by mammography modality (screen film/digital) ... -
Mammographic texture and risk of breast cancer by tumor type and estrogen receptor status
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Several studies have shown that mammographic texture features are associated with breast cancer risk independent of the contribution of breast density. Thus, texture features may provide novel information for ... -
Mammography Rates 3 Years After the 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force Guidelines Changes
(American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 2015)Purpose In November 2009, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) changed its mammography recommendations from every 1 to 2 years among women age ≥ 40 years to personalized screening decisions for women age 40 to ... -
Management algorithm for genotype 1 hepatitis C virus
(Faculty of 1000 Ltd, 2013)Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common etiology of chronic liver disease in Western countries. Morbidity and mortality due to HCV-related end-stage liver disease are increasing, just as novel therapeutics ... -
Management of a Long-Standing Organic Intracranial Foreign Body
(Thieme Publishing Group, 2010)Organic foreign bodies of the skull base are an uncommon problem with the potential for serious morbidity that present complicated treatment dilemmas best managed by a multidisciplinary approach. A 58-year-old male presented ...