Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 16126-16145 of 18428

    • Sport Specialization, Part I: Does Early Sports Specialization Increase Negative Outcomes and Reduce the Opportunity for Success in Young Athletes? 

      Myer, Gregory D.; Jayanthi, Neeru; Difiori, John P.; Faigenbaum, Avery D.; Kiefer, Adam W.; Logerstedt, David; Micheli, Lyle J. (SAGE Publications, 2015)
      Context: There is increased growth in sports participation across the globe. Sports specialization patterns, which include year-round training, participation on multiple teams of the same sport, and focused participation ...

    • Sporulation during Growth in a Gut Isolate of Bacillus subtilis 

      Serra, Cláudia R.; Earl, Ashlee M.; Barbosa, Teresa M.; Kolter, Roberto; Henriques, Adriano O. (American Society for Microbiology, 2014)
      Sporulation by Bacillus subtilis is a cell density-dependent response to nutrient deprivation. Central to the decision of entering sporulation is a phosphorelay, through which sensor kinases promote phosphorylation of ...

    • Spotlighting Parmit Kumar Singh: a Q&A 

      Singh, Parmit (Harvard University Center for AIDS Research, 2022-04-01)

    • The Spread and Control of Norovirus Outbreaks Among Hospitals in a Region: A Simulation Model 

      Bartsch, Sarah M.; Huang, Susan S.; Wong, Kim F.; Avery, Taliser R.; Lee, Bruce Y. (Oxford University Press, 2014)
      Background: Because hospitals in a region are connected via patient sharing, a norovirus outbreak in one hospital may spread to others. Methods. We utilized our Regional Healthcare Ecosystem Analyst software to generate ...

    • Spreading Effect of tDCS in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as Shown by Functional Cortical Networks: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial 

      Cosmo, Camila; Ferreira, Cândida; Miranda, José Garcia Vivas; do Rosário, Raphael Silva; Baptista, Abrahão Fontes; Montoya, Pedro; de Sena, Eduardo Pondé (Frontiers Media S.A., 2015)
      Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is known to modulate spontaneous neural network excitability. The cognitive improvement observed in previous trials raises the potential of this technique as a ...

    • Sprouting and intussusceptive angiogenesis in postpneumonectomy lung growth: mechanisms of alveolar neovascularization 

      Ackermann, Maximilian; Houdek, Jan P.; Gibney, Barry C.; Ysasi, Alexandra; Wagner, Willi; Belle, Janeil; Schittny, Johannes C.; Enzmann, Frieder; Tsuda, Akira; Mentzer, Steven J.; Konerding, Moritz A. (Springer Netherlands, 2013)
      In most rodents and some other mammals, the removal of one lung results in compensatory growth associated with dramatic angiogenesis and complete restoration of lung capacity. One pivotal mechanism in neoalveolarization ...

    • Sprouty2 in the Dorsal Hippocampus Regulates Neurogenesis and Stress Responsiveness in Rats 

      Dow, Antonia L.; Lin, Tiffany V.; Chartoff, Elena H.; Potter, David; McPhie, Donna L.; Van’t Veer, Ashlee V.; Knoll, Allison T.; Lee, Kristen N.; Neve, Rachael L.; Patel, Tarun B.; Ongur, Dost; Cohen, Bruce M.; Carlezon, William A. (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Both the development and relief of stress-related psychiatric conditions such as major depression (MD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been linked to neuroplastic changes in the brain. One such change involves ...

    • Square-Cut: A Segmentation Algorithm on the Basis of a Rectangle Shape 

      Egger, Jan; Kapur, Tina; Dukatz, Thomas; Kolodziej, Malgorzata; Zukić, Dženan; Freisleben, Bernd; Nimsky, Christopher (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      We present a rectangle-based segmentation algorithm that sets up a graph and performs a graph cut to separate an object from the background. However, graph-based algorithms distribute the graph's nodes uniformly and ...

    • A Src inhibitor regulates the cell cycle of human pluripotent stem cells and improves directed differentiation 

      Chetty, Sundari; Engquist, Elise N.; Mehanna, Elie; Lui, Kathy O.; Tsankov, Alexander M.; Melton, Douglas A. (The Rockefeller University Press, 2015)
      Driving human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into specific lineages is an inefficient and challenging process. We show that a potent Src inhibitor, PP1, regulates expression of genes involved in the G1 to S phase transition ...

    • Src Mutation Induces Acquired Lapatinib Resistance in ERBB2-Amplified Human Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma Models 

      Hong, Yong Sang; Kim, Jihun; Pectasides, Eirini; Fox, Cameron; Hong, Seung-Woo; Ma, Qiuping; Wong, Gabrielle S.; Peng, Shouyong; Stachler, Matthew D.; Thorner, Aaron R.; Van Hummelen, Paul; Bass, Adam J. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      ERBB2-directed therapy is now a routine component of therapy for ERBB2-amplified metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas. However, there is little knowledge of the mechanisms by which these tumors develop acquired ...

    • SRT1720 improves survival and healthspan of obese mice 

      Minor, Robin K.; Baur, Joseph A.; Gomes, Ana P.; Ward, Theresa M.; Csiszar, Anna; Mercken, Evi M.; Abdelmohsen, Kotb; Shin, Yu-Kyong; Canto, Carles; Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten; Krawczyk, Melissa; Irusta, Pablo M.; Martín-Montalvo, Alejandro; Hubbard, Basil; Zhang, Yongqing; Lehrmann, Elin; White, Alexa A.; Price, Nathan; Swindell, William; Pearson, Kevin J.; Becker, Kevin G.; Bohr, Vilhelm A.; Gorospe, Myriam; Egan, Josephine M.; Talan, Mark I.; Auwerx, Johan; Westphal, Christoph H.; Ellis, James L.; Ungvari, Zoltan; Vlasuk, George P.; Elliott, Peter J.; Sinclair, David Andrew; de Cabo, Rafael (Nature Publishing Group, 2011)
      Sirt1 is an NAD1-dependent deacetylase that extends lifespan in lower organisms and improves metabolism and delays the onset of age-related diseases in mammals. Here we show that SRT1720, a synthetic compound that was ...

    • SRT2104 extends survival of male mice on a standard diet and preserves bone and muscle mass 

      Mercken, Evi M; Mitchell, Sarah J; Martin-Montalvo, Alejandro; Minor, Robin K; Almeida, Maria; Gomes, Ana P; Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten; Palacios, Hector H; Licata, Jordan J; Zhang, Yongqing; Becker, Kevin G; Khraiwesh, Husam; González-Reyes, José A; Villalba, José M; Baur, Joseph A; Elliott, Peter; Westphal, Christoph; Vlasuk, George P; Ellis, James L; Sinclair, David A; Bernier, Michel; de Cabo, Rafael (BlackWell Publishing Ltd, 2014)
      Increased expression of SIRT1 extends the lifespan of lower organisms and delays the onset of age-related diseases in mammals. Here, we show that SRT2104, a synthetic small molecule activator of SIRT1, extends both mean ...

    • Stability of High‐Quality Warfarin Anticoagulation in a Community‐Based Atrial Fibrillation Cohort: The Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study 

      Dallalzadeh, Liane O.; Go, Alan S.; Chang, Yuchiao; Borowsky, Leila H.; Fang, Margaret C.; Singer, Daniel E. (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)
      Background: Warfarin reduces ischemic stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) but increases bleeding risk. Novel anticoagulants challenge warfarin as stroke‐preventive therapy for AF. They are available at fixed doses but ...

    • Stability of Large Diffusion/Perfusion Mismatch in Anterior Circulation Strokes for 4 or More Hours 

      González, R Gilberto; Hakimelahi, Reza; Schaefer, Pamela Whitney; Roccatagliata, Luca; Sorensen, Alma Gregory; Singhal, Aneesh B. (BioMed Central, 2010)
      Background: The stability of hypoperfused brain tissue in stroke patients with major artery occlusions is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the persistence of a diffusion/perfusion mismatch in patients ...

    • Stability of the pneumococcal population structure in Massachusetts as PCV13 was introduced 

      Chang, Qiuzhi; Stevenson, Abbie E; Croucher, Nicholas J; Lee, Grace M; Pelton, Stephen I; Lipsitch, Marc; Finkelstein, Jonathan A; Hanage, William P (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: The success of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV-7) introduced to the US childhood immunization schedule in 2000 was partially offset by increases in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and ...

    • Stabilization of Myc through Heterotypic Poly-Ubiquitination by mLANA Is Critical for γ-Herpesvirus Lymphoproliferation 

      Rodrigues, Lénia; Popov, Nikita; Kaye, Kenneth M.; Simas, J. Pedro (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Host colonization by lymphotropic γ-herpesviruses depends critically on expansion of viral genomes in germinal center (GC) B-cells. Myc is essential for the formation and maintenance of GCs. Yet, the role of Myc in the ...

    • Stable Force Balance between Epithelial Cells Arises from F-Actin Turnover 

      Jodoin, Jeanne N.; Coravos, Jonathan S.; Chanet, Soline; Vasquez, Claudia G.; Tworoger, Michael; Kingston, Elena R.; Perkins, Lizabeth A.; Perrimon, Norbert; Martin, Adam C. (Elsevier BV, 2015-12-21)
      The propagation of force in epithelial tissues requires that the contractile cytoskeletal machinery be stably connected between cells through E-cadherin-containing adherens junctions. In many epithelial tissues the cells’ ...

    • Stable Gene Targeting in Human Cells Using Single-Strand Oligonucleotides with Modified Bases 

      Rios, Xavier; Briggs, Adrian; Christodoulou, Danos C.; Gorham, Josh McClean; Seidman, Jonathan G.; Church, George McDonald (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Recent advances allow multiplexed genome engineering in E. coli, employing easily designed oligonucleotides to edit multiple loci simultaneously. A similar technology in human cells would greatly expedite functional genomics, ...

    • Stable Gene Targeting in Human Cells Using Single-Strand Oligonucleotides with Modified Bases 

      Rios, Xavier; Briggs, Adrian W.; Christodoulou, Danos; Gorham, Joshua; Seidman, Jonathan; Church, George (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2012-05-14)
      Recent advances allow multiplexed genome engineering in E. coli, employing easily designed oligonucleotides to edit multiple loci simultaneously. A similar technology in human cells would greatly expedite functional genomics, ...

    • A stable pattern of EEG spectral coherence distinguishes children with autism from neuro-typical controls - a large case control study 

      Duffy, Frank Hopkins; Als, Heidelise (BioMed Central, 2012)
      Background: The autism rate has recently increased to 1 in 100 children. Genetic studies demonstrate poorly understood complexity. Environmental factors apparently also play a role. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies ...