Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 4068-4087 of 18428

    • Delirium as a Predictor of Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the Intensive Care Unit 

      Ely, E. Wesley; Shintani, Ayumi; Truman, Brenda; Speroff, Theodore; Gordon, Sharon; Harrell, Frank; Inouye, Sharon; Bernard, Gordon; Dittus, Robert S. (American Medical Association (AMA), 2004)
      CONTEXT: In the intensive care unit (ICU), delirium is a common yet underdiagnosed form of organ dysfunction, and its contribution to patient outcomes is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine if delirium is an independent ...

    • Delirium Burden in Patients and Family Caregivers: Development and Testing of New Instruments 

      Racine, Anne; D’Aquila, Madeline; Schmitt, Eva M.; Gallagher, Jacqueline; Marcantonio, Edward; Jones, Richard N; Inouye, Sharon; Schulman-Green, Dena (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2018-05-08)
      BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Delirium creates distinct emotional distress in patients and family caregivers, yet there are limited tools to assess the experience. Our objective was to develop separate patient and family ...

    • Delirium in elderly people 

      Inouye, Sharon; Westendorp, Rudi GJ; Saczynski, Jane S (Elsevier BV, 2014)
      Delirium is an acute disorder of attention and cognition in elderly people (ie, those aged 65 years or older) that is common, serious, costly, under-recognised, and often fatal. A formal cognitive assessment and history ...

    • Delirium in Older Persons 

      Inouye, Sharon (New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM/MMS), 2006)
      The prevalence of delirium increases sharply with age, and about 20 percent of older patients have delirium at the time of hospital admission for any reason. This review summarizes the clinical manifestations of and risk ...

    • Delirium is associated with early postoperative cognitive dysfunction 

      Rudolph, James; Marcantonio, Edward Ralph; Culley, Deborah Jean; Silverstein, J. H.; Rasmussen, L. S.; Crosby, Gregory; Inouye, Sharon (Wiley-Blackwell, 2008)
      The purpose of this analysis was to determine if postoperative delirium was associated with early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (at 7 days) and long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction (at 3 months). The ...

    • Delirium markers in older fallers: a case-control study 

      Doherty, Kelly; Kelly, Brittany; Archambault, Elizabeth; Rudolph, James L (Dove Medical Press, 2014)
      Background: When a hospitalized older patient falls or develops delirium, there are significant consequences for the patient and the health care system. Assessments of inattention and altered consciousness, markers for ...

    • Delirium Severity Post-Surgery and its Relationship with Long-Term Cognitive Decline in a Cohort of Patients without Dementia 

      Vasunilashorn, Sarinnapha; Fong, Tamara G; Albuquerque, Asha; Marcantonio, Edward Ralph; Schmitt, Eva M.; Tommet, Douglas; Gou, Yun; Travison, Thomas G; Jones, Richard N.; Inouye, Sharon K. (IOS Press, 2017)
      Background: Delirium has been associated with more rapid cognitive decline. However, it is unknown whether increased delirium severity is associated with a higher rate of long-term cognitive decline. Objective: To evaluate ...

    • Delirium superimposed on dementia is associated with prolonged length of stay and poor outcomes in hospitalized older adults 

      Fick, Donna M.; Steis, Melinda R.; Waller, Jennifer L.; Inouye, Sharon (Wiley-Blackwell, 2013)

    • Delirium: a symptom of how hospital care is failing older persons and a window to improve quality of hospital care 

      Inouye, Sharon; Schlesinger, Mark J; Lydon, Thomas J (Elsevier BV, 1999)
      Delirium, or acute confusional state, which often results from hospital-related complications or inadequate hospital care for older patients, can serve as a marker of the quality of hospital care. By reviewing five pathways ...

    • Delirium: An Independent Predictor of Functional Decline After Cardiac Surgery 

      Rudolph, James; Inouye, Sharon; Jones, Richard N.; Yang, Frances Margaret; Fong, Tamara G; Levkoff, Sue E.; Marcantonio, Edward Ralph (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010)
      OBJECTIVES: To determine whether patients who developed delirium after cardiac surgery were at risk of functional decline. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Two academic hospitals and a Veterans Affairs ...

    • Delivering primary healthcare in conflict-affected settings: A review of the literature 

      Chaudhury, Sumona; Ravicz, Miranda; McPherson, Heather; Arlington, Lauren; Lin, Tianyu; Turco, Jessica; Nelson, Brett (Weston Medical Publishing, 2020-01-01)
      Objective: Conflict is often destructive to existing services and exacerbates population health inequities and the vulnerabilities of existing healthcare. We undertook a scoping review of the literature concerning delivery ...

    • Delivery of Functional Anti-miR-9 by Mesenchymal Stem Cell–derived Exosomes to Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells Conferred Chemosensitivity 

      Munoz, Jessian L; Bliss, Sarah A; Greco, Steven J; Ramkissoon, Shakti H; Ligon, Keith L; Rameshwar, Pranela (Nature Publishing Group, 2013)
      Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and lethal tumor of the adult brain, generally shows chemo- and radioresistance. MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate physiological processes, such as resistance of GBM cells to temozolomide ...

    • A delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism may modify the relationship of low-level lead exposure to uricemia and renal function: the normative aging study. 

      Wu, Ming-Tsang; Kelsey, Karl; Schwartz, Joel David; Sparrow, David; Weiss, Scott Tillman; Hu, Howard (2003)
      In this study we investigated whether a known delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) exon 4 polymorphism has a modifying effect on the association of blood or bone lead level with uricemia and indices of renal function ...

    • \(\Delta\)40 Isoform of p53 Controls \(\beta\)-Cell Proliferation and Glucose Homeostasis in Mice 

      Hinault, Charlotte; Kawamori, Dan; Liew, Chong-Wee; Maier, Bernhard; Hu, Jiang; Keller, Susanna R.; Mirmira, Raghavendra G.; Scrable, Heidi; Kulkarni, Rohit Narayan (American Diabetes Association, 2011)
      Objective: Investigating the dynamics of pancreatic \(\beta\)-cell mass is critical for developing strategies to treat both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. p53, a key regulator of the cell cycle and apoptosis, has mostly been ...

    • Demand for \(Zn^{2+}\) in Acid-Secreting Gastric Mucosa and Its Requirement for Intracellular \(Ca^{2+}\) 

      Liu, JingJing; Kohler, Jonathan E.; Blass, Amy L.; Moncaster, Juliet A.; Mocofanescu, Anca; Marcus, Matthew A.; Blakely, Eleanor A.; Bjornstad, Kathleen A.; Casey, Noel; Amarasiriwardena, Chitra J.; Goldstein, Lee E.; Soybel, David I. (Public Library of Science, 2011)
      Background and Aims: Recent work has suggested that \(Zn^{2+}\) plays a critical role in regulating acidity within the secretory compartments of isolated gastric glands. Here, we investigate the content, distribution ...

    • Demand for Emergency Health Service: Factors Associated with Inappropriate Use 

      Carret, Maria LV; Fassa, Anaclaudia G; Kawachi, Ichiro (BioMed Central, 2007)
      Background: The inappropriate use of emergency room (ER) service by patients with non-urgent health problems is a worldwide problem. Inappropriate ER use makes it difficult to guarantee access for real emergency cases, ...

    • Demand-side interventions for maternal care: evidence of more use, not better outcomes 

      Hurst, Taylor E.; Semrau, Katherine; Patna, Manasa; Gawande, Atul; Hirschhorn, Lisa R. (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Reducing maternal and neonatal mortality is essential to improving population health. Demand-side interventions are designed to increase uptake of critical maternal health services, but associated change in ...

    • Dementia and Race: Are There Differences Between African Americans and Caucasians? 

      Inouye, Sharon; Miles, Toni; Froehlich, Tanya; Bogardus, Sidney (Wiley-Blackwell, 2001)
      This study provides an overview of racial differences in etiology and prevalence of dementia. Preliminary findings indicate that the clinical and molecular etiologies of dementia differ between races. African Americans ...

    • Dementia Coding, Workup, and Treatment in the VA New England Healthcare System 

      Cho, Kelly; Gagnon, David R.; Driver, Jane A.; Altincatal, Arman; Kosik, Nicole; Lanes, Stephan; Lawler, Elizabeth V. (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014)
      Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia are underdiagnosed and poorly documented. In our study, we describe patterns of dementia coding and treatment in the Veteran's Administration ...

    • Demonstration of a day-night rhythm in human skeletal muscle oxidative capacity 

      van Moorsel, Dirk; Hansen, Jan; Havekes, Bas; Scheer, Frank A.J.L.; Jörgensen, Johanna A.; Hoeks, Joris; Schrauwen-Hinderling, Vera B.; Duez, Helene; Lefebvre, Philippe; Schaper, Nicolaas C.; Hesselink, Matthijs K.C.; Staels, Bart; Schrauwen, Patrick (Elsevier, 2016)
      Objective: A disturbed day-night rhythm is associated with metabolic perturbations that can lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In skeletal muscle, a reduced oxidative capacity is also associated with the ...