Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 8667-8686 of 18428

    • Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on nutrient content of important food crops 

      Dietterich, Lee H.; Zanobetti, Antonella; Kloog, Itai; Huybers, Peter; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Bloom, Arnold J.; Carlisle, Eli; Fernando, Nimesha; Fitzgerald, Glenn; Hasegawa, Toshihiro; Holbrook, N. Michele; Nelson, Randall L.; Norton, Robert; Ottman, Michael J.; Raboy, Victor; Sakai, Hidemitsu; Sartor, Karla A.; Schwartz, Joel; Seneweera, Saman; Usui, Yasuhiro; Yoshinaga, Satoshi; Myers, Samuel S. (Nature Publishing Group, 2015)
      One of the many ways that climate change may affect human health is by altering the nutrient content of food crops. However, previous attempts to study the effects of increased atmospheric CO2 on crop nutrition have been ...

    • Impacts of Fluid Dynamics Simulation in Study of Nasal Airflow Physiology and Pathophysiology in Realistic Human Three-Dimensional Nose Models 

      Wang, De Yun; Lee, Heow Peuh; Gordon, Bruce R. (Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2012)
      During the past decades, numerous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies, constructed from CT or MRI images, have simulated human nasal models. As compared to rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry, which provide ...

    • Impacts of Temperature and its Variability on Mortality in New England 

      Shi, Liuhua; Kloog, Itai; Zanobetti, Antonella; Liu, Pengfei; Schwartz, Joel D. (2015)
      Rapid buildup of greenhouse gases is expected to increase the Earth surface mean temperature, with unclear effects on temperature variability1–3. This adds urgency to better understand the direct effects of the changing ...

    • Impaired autophagy in mouse embryonic fibroblasts null for Krüppel-like Factor 4 promotes DNA damage and increases apoptosis upon serum starvation 

      Liu, Changchang; DeRoo, Elise P; Stecyk, Catherine; Wolsey, Margaret; Szuchnicki, Mateusz; Hagos, Engda G (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Autophagy is a major cellular process by which cytoplasmic components such as damaged organelles and misfolded proteins are recycled. Although low levels of autophagy occur in cells under basal conditions, ...

    • Impaired Autophagy of an Intracellular Pathogen Induced by a Crohn's Disease Associated ATG16L1 Variant 

      Rioux, John D.; Gay, Nick; Kuballa, Petric; Huett, Alan Stephen; Daly, Mark Joseph; Xavier, Ramnik (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      The genetic risk factors predisposing individuals to the development of inflammatory bowel disease are beginning to be deciphered by genome-wide association studies. Surprisingly, these new data point towards a critical ...

    • Impaired Cerebral Autoregulation Is Associated with Brain Atrophy and Worse Functional Status in Chronic Ischemic Stroke 

      Aoi, Mikio C.; Hu, Kun; Lo, Men-Tzung; Selim, Magdy H.; Olufsen, Mette S.; Novak, Vera (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) is impaired following stroke. However, the relationship between dCA, brain atrophy, and functional outcomes following stroke remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine whether ...

    • Impaired Cognitive Performance in Youth Athletes Exposed to Repetitive Head Impacts 

      Koerte, Inga Katharina; Nichols, Elizabeth; Tripodis, Yorghos; Schultz, Vivian; Lehner, Stefan; Igbinoba, Randy; Chuang, Alice Z.; Mayinger, Michael; Klier, Eliana M.; Muehlmann, Marc; Kaufmann, David; Lepage, Christian; Heinen, Florian; Schulte-Körne, Gerd; Zafonte, Ross Dennis; Shenton, Martha Elizabeth; Sereno, Anne B. (Mary Ann Liebert Inc, 2017)
      Worldwide, more than 22 million children and adolescents are exposed to repetitive head impacts (RHI) in soccer. Evidence indicates cumulative effects on brain structure, but it is not known whether exposure to RHI affects ...

    • Impaired Distal Thermoregulation in Diabetes and Diabetic Polyneuropathy 

      Rutkove, Seward Brian; Veves, Aristidis; Mitsa, Theophano; Nie, Rui; Fogerson, Patricia M.; Garmirian, Lindsay P.; Nardin, Rachel Austen (American Diabetes Association, 2009)
      Objective: To determine how thermoregulation of the feet is affected by diabetes and diabetic polyneuropathy in both wakefulness and sleep. Research Design and Methods: Normal subjects, diabetic subjects without neuropathy, ...

    • Impaired Function of Peripherally Induced Regulatory T Cells in Hosts at High Risk of Graft Rejection 

      Inomata, Takenori; Hua, Jing; Di Zazzo, Antonio; Dana, Reza (Nature Publishing Group, 2016)
      Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for allograft survival. Tregs can be divided into thymus-derived natural Tregs (tTregs) and peripherally-derived induced Tregs (pTregs). Here, we determine whether the suppressive ...

    • Impaired hepatitis C virus-specific T cell responses and recurrent hepatitis C virus in HIV coinfection 

      Kim, Arthur Yu-Shin; Schulze zur Wiesch, Julian; Kuntzen, Thomas; Timm, Joerg; Kaufmann, Daniel; Duncan, Jared E.; Jones, Andrea M.; Wurcel, Alysse G.; Davis, Benjamin Thomas; Gandhi, Rajesh Tim; Robbins, Gregory Kimball; Allen, Todd; Chung, Raymond Taeyong; Lauer, Georg; Walker, Bruce David (Public Library of Science, 2006)
      Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific T cell responses are critical for spontaneous resolution of HCV viremia. Here we examined the effect of a lymphotropic virus, HIV-1, on the ability of coinfected patients to ...

    • Impaired infarct healing in atherosclerotic mice with Ly-6Chi monocytosis 

      Panizzi, Peter; Swirski, Filip; Figueiredo, Jose-Luiz; Waterman, Peter; Sosnovik, David; Aikawa, Elena; Libby, Peter; Pittet, Mikael; Weissleder, Ralph; Nahrendorf, Matthias (Elsevier, 2010)
      Objectives: he aim of this study was to test whether blood monocytosis in mice with atherosclerosis affects infarct healing.Background Monocytes are cellular protagonists of tissue repair, and their specific subtypes ...

    • Impaired intrinsic immunity to HSV-1 in human iPSC-derived TLR3-deficient CNS cells 

      Lafaille, Fabien G; Pessach, Itai M.; Zhang, Shen-Ying; Ciancanelli, Michael J.; Herman, Melina; Abhyankar, Avinash; Ying, Shui-Wang; Keros, Sotirios; Goldstein, Peter A.; Mostoslavsky, Gustavo; Ordovas-Montanes, Jose Manuel; Jouanguy, Emmanuelle; Plancoulaine, Sabine; Tu, Edmund; Elkabetz, Yechiel; Al-Muhsen, Saleh; Tardieu, Marc; Schlaeger, Thorsten M.; Daley, George Quentin; Abel, Laurent; Casanova, Jean-Laurent; Studer, Lorenz; Notarangelo, Luigi D. (2012)
      In the course of primary infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), children with inborn errors of TLR3 immunity are prone to HSV-1 encephalitis (HSE) 1–3. We tested the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of HSE involves ...

    • Impaired lymphatic contraction associated with immunosuppression 

      Liao, Shan; Cheng, Gang; Conner, David A.; Huang, Yuhui; Kucherlapati, Raju S.; Munn, Lance L.; Ruddle, Nancy H.; Jain, Rakesh K.; Fukumura, Dai; Padera, Timothy P. (National Academy of Sciences, 2011)
      To trigger an effective immune response, antigen and antigen-presenting cells travel to the lymph nodes via collecting lymphatic vessels. However, our understanding of the regulation of collecting lymphatic vessel function ...

    • Impaired neurogenesis by HIV-1-Gp120 is rescued by genetic deletion of fatty acid amide hydrolase enzyme 

      Avraham, H K; Jiang, S; Fu, Y; Rockenstein, E; Makriyannis, A; Wood, J; Wang, L; Masliah, E; Avraham, S (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015)
      Background and Purpose The HIV-envelope glycoprotein Gp120 is involved in neuronal injury and is associated with neuro-AIDS pathogenesis in the brain. Endocannabinoids are important lipid ligands in the CNS regulating ...

    • Impaired prefrontal synaptic gain in people with psychosis and their relatives during the mismatch negativity 

      Ranlund, Siri; Adams, Rick A.; Díez, Álvaro; Constante, Miguel; Dutt, Anirban; Hall, Mei‐Hua; Maestro Carbayo, Amparo; McDonald, Colm; Petrella, Sabrina; Schulze, Katja; Shaikh, Madiha; Walshe, Muriel; Friston, Karl; Pinotsis, Dimitris; Bramon, Elvira (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2015)
      Abstract The mismatch negativity (MMN) evoked potential, a preattentive brain response to a discriminable change in auditory stimulation, is significantly reduced in psychosis. Glutamatergic theories of psychosis propose ...

    • Impaired RNA Incorporation and Dimerization in Live Attenuated Leader-variants of SIVmac239 

      Whitney, James B.; Wainberg, Mark A (BioMed Central, 2006)
      Background: The 5' untranslated region (UTR) or leader sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac239) is multifunctional and harbors the regulatory elements for viral replication, persistence, gene translation, ...

    • Impaired Thermogenesis and Adipose Tissue Development in Mice with Fat-Specific Disruption of Insulin and IGF-1 Signalling 

      Boucher, Jeremie; Mori, Marcelo A.; Lee, Kevin Y.; Smyth, Graham; Liew, Chong-Wee; Macotela, Yazmin; Rourk, Michael; Bluher, Matthias; Russell, Steven J.; Kahn, C. Ronald (Nature Publishing Group, 2012)
      Insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) play important roles in adipocyte differentiation, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Here, to assess how these pathways can compensate for each other, we created ...

    • Impaired Thymic Export and Apoptosis Contribute to Regulatory T-Cell Defects in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure 

      Tang, Ting-Ting; Zhu, Zheng-Feng; Wang, Jun; Zhang, Wen-Cai; Tu, Xin; Xiao, Hong; Du, Xin-Ling; Xia, Jia-Hong; Dong, Nian-Guo; Su, Wei; Xia, Ni; Yan, Xing-Xing; Nie, Shao-Fang; Liu, Juan; Zhou, Su-Feng; Yao, Rui; Xie, Jiang-Jiao; Jevallee, Harish; Wang, Xiang; Liao, Meng-Yang; Shi, Guo-Ping; Fu, Michael; Liao, Yu-Hua; Cheng, Xiang; Bobé, Pierre (Public Library of Science, 2011)

    • Implant survival of the most common cemented total hip devices from the Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association database 

      Junnila, Mika; Laaksonen, Inari; Eskelinen, Antti; Pulkkinen, Pekka; Ivar Havelin, Leif; Furnes, Ove; Marie Fenstad, Anne; Pedersen, Alma B; Overgaard, Søren; Kärrholm, Johan; Garellick, Göran; Malchau, Henrik; Mäkelä, Keijo T (Taylor & Francis, 2016)
      Background and purpose According to previous Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA) data, the 10-year implant survival of cemented total hip arthroplasties (THAs) is 94% in patients aged 65–74 and 96% in patients ...

    • Implantable Diagnostic Device for Cancer Monitoring 

      Daniel, Karen D.; Kim, Grace Y.; Vassiliou, Christophoros C.; Galindo, Marilyn; Guimaraes, Alexander R.; Weissleder, Ralph; Charest, Al; Langer, Robert; Cima, Michael J. (Elsevier, 2009)
      Biopsies provide required information to diagnose cancer but, because of their invasiveness, they are difficult to use for managing cancer therapy. The ability to repeatedly sample the local environment for tumor biomarker, ...