Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

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    • Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress 

      Skipper, Anthony; Sims, Jennifer N.; Yedjou, Clement G.; Tchounwou, Paul B. (MDPI, 2016)
      Cadmium is a heavy metal that has been shown to cause its toxicity in humans and animals. Many documented studies have shown that cadmium produces various genotoxic effects such as DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. ...

    • Cadmium Exposure and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in U.S. Children 

      Ciesielski, Timothy; Weuve, Jennifer Lynn; Bellinger, David C.; Schwartz, Joel David; Lanphear, Bruce; Wright, Robert O. (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2012)
      Background: Low-level environmental cadmium exposure in children may be associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate associations between urinary cadmium concentration and reported ...

    • Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model Host for Staphylococcus aureus Pathogenesis 

      Sifri, Costi D.; Begun, Jakob; Ausubel, Frederick M.; Calderwood, Stephen B. (American Society for Microbiology, 2003)
      Staphylococcus aureus, an important pathogen of humans and other warm-blooded animals, is also capable of killing the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we show that C. elegans organisms that are fed S. aureus die over ...

    • Caenorhabditis Elegans HIM-18/SLX-4 Interacts with SLX-1 and XPF-1 and Maintains Genomic Integrity in the Germline by Processing Recombination Intermediates 

      Saito, Takamune; Youds, Jillian L.; Boulton, Simon J.; Colaiácovo, Monica P. (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      Homologous recombination (HR) is essential for the repair of blocked or collapsed replication forks and for the production of crossovers between homologs that promote accurate meiotic chromosome segregation. Here, we ...

    • Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model for anthelmintic discovery 

      Burns, Andrew R.; Luciani, Genna M.; Musso, Gabriel; Bagg, Rachel; Yeo, May; Zhang, Yuqian; Rajendran, Luckshika; Glavin, John; Hunter, Robert; Redman, Elizabeth; Stasiuk, Susan; Schertzberg, Michael; Angus McQuibban, G.; Caffrey, Conor R.; Cutler, Sean R.; Tyers, Mike; Giaever, Guri; Nislow, Corey; Fraser, Andy G.; MacRae, Calum A.; Gilleard, John; Roy, Peter J. (Nature Pub. Group, 2015)
      Parasitic nematodes infect one quarter of the world's population and impact all humans through widespread infection of crops and livestock. Resistance to current anthelmintics has prompted the search for new drugs. Traditional ...

    • Caenorhabditis elegans pathways that surveil and defend mitochondria 

      Liu, Ying; Samuel, Buck S.; Breen, Peter C.; Ruvkun, Gary (2014)
      Mitochondrial function is challenged by toxic byproducts of metabolism as well as by pathogen attack1,2. Caenorhabditis elegans normally responds to mitochondrial dysfunction with activation of mitochondrial repair, drug ...

    • Caffeine Content of Dietary Supplements Consumed on Military Bases 

      Cohen, Pieter; Attipoe, Selasi; Travis, John; Stevens, Mark; Deuster, Patricia (American Medical Association (AMA), 2013)

    • CAGE-defined promoter regions of the genes implicated in Rett Syndrome 

      Vitezic, Morana; Bertin, Nicolas; Andersson, Robin; Lipovich, Leonard; Kawaji, Hideya; Lassmann, Timo; Sandelin, Albin; Heutink, Peter; Goldowitz, Dan; Ha, Thomas; Zhang, Peter; Patrizi, Annarita; Fagiolini, Michela; Forrest, Alistair RR; Carninci, Piero; Saxena, Alka (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Background: Mutations in three functionally diverse genes cause Rett Syndrome. Although the functions of Forkhead box G1 (FOXG1), Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) and Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) have been ...

    • Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation 

      O'Rourke, Caitlin; Shelton, Georgia; Hutcheson, Joshua; Burke, Megan F.; Martyn, Trejeeve; Thayer, Timothy E.; Shakartzi, Hannah R.; Buswell, Mary D.; Tainsh, Robert; Yu, Binglan; Bagchi, Aranya; Rhee, David Kwan; Wu, Connie; Derwall, Matthias; Buys, Emmanuel; Yu, Paul B.; Bloch, Kenneth; Aikawa, Elena; Bloch, Donald Bendit; Malhotra, Rajeev (MyJove Corporation, 2016)
      Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Atherosclerotic plaques, consisting of lipid-laden macrophages and calcification, develop in the coronary arteries, aortic valve, aorta, ...

    • Calcineurin activation causes retinal ganglion cell degeneration 

      Qu, Juan; Matsouaka, Roland Albert; Betensky, Rebecca Aubrey; Hyman, Bradley Theodore; Grosskreutz, Cynthia Lee (Molecular Vision, 2012)
      Purpose: We previously reported that calcineurin, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase, is activated and proposed that it participates in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis in two rodent ocular ...

    • Calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporin A and tacrolimus protect against podocyte injury induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in rodent models 

      Shen, Xiujin; Jiang, Hong; Ying, Meike; Xie, Zhoutao; Li, Xiayu; Wang, Haibing; Zhao, Jie; Lin, Chuan; Wang, Yucheng; Feng, Shi; Shen, Jia; Weng, Chunhua; Lin, Weiqiang; Wang, Huiping; Zhou, Qin; Bi, Yan; Li, Meng; Wang, Lingyan; Zhu, Tongyu; Huang, Xiaoru; Lan, Hui-Yao; Zhou, Jing; Chen, Jianghua (Nature Publishing Group, 2016)
      Podocyte injury and the appearance of proteinuria are features of minimal-change disease (MCD). Cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506) has been reported to reduce proteinuria in patients with nephrotic syndrome, but ...

    • Calcineurin Regulates Innate Antifungal Immunity in Neutrophils 

      Greenblatt, Matthew Blake; Aliprantis, Antonios O.; Hu, Bella; Glimcher, Laurie Hollis (Rockefeller University Press, 2010)
      Patients taking immunosuppressive drugs, like cyclosporine A (CsA), that inhibit calcineurin are highly susceptible to disseminated fungal infections, although it is unclear how these drugs suppress resistance to these ...

    • Calciphylaxis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a single center cohort study 

      Zhang, Yanchen; Corapi, Kristin M; Luongo, Maria; Thadhani, Ravi; Nigwekar, Sagar U (Dove Medical Press, 2016)
      Background: Calciphylaxis is a rare but devastating condition in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Most research in the field of calciphylaxis is focused on hemodialysis (HD) patients; however, data on calciphylaxis ...

    • Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Modulates Heat Nociception in the Human Brain - An fMRI Study in Healthy Volunteers 

      Asghar, Mohammad Sohail; Becerra, Lino; Larsson, Henrik B. W.; Borsook, David; Ashina, Messoud (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Intravenous infusion of calcitonin-gene-related-peptide (CGRP) provokes headache and migraine in humans. Mechanisms underlying CGRP-induced headache are not fully clarified and it is unknown to what extent CGRP ...

    • Calcium and Vitamin D Supplement Prescribing Practices among Providers Caring for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Are We Addressing Bone Health? 

      Srinivasan, Shylaja; O'Rourke, Julia; Bersche Golas, Sara; Neumeyer, Ann; Misra, Madhusmita (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2016)
      Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have several risk factors for low bone mineral density. The gluten-free, casein-free (GFCF) diet is a complementary therapy sometimes used in ASD that raises concerns for the ...

    • Calcium Causes Multimerization of the Large Adhesin LapF and Modulates Biofilm Formation by Pseudomonas putida 

      Martínez-Gil, Marta; Romero, Diego; Kolter, Roberto; Espinosa-Urgel, Manuel (American Society for Microbiology, 2012)
      LapF is a large secreted protein involved in microcolony formation and biofilm maturation in Pseudomonas putida. Its C-terminal domain shows the characteristics of proteins secreted through a type I secretion system and ...

    • Calcium channel dynamics limit synaptic release in response to prosthetic stimulation with sinusoidal waveforms 

      Freeman, Daniel K; Jeng, Jed S; Kelly, Shawn K; Hartveit, Espen; Fried, Shelley (IOP Publishing, 2011-05-31)
      Extracellular electric stimulation with sinusoidal waveforms has been shown to allow preferential activation of individual types of retinal neurons by varying stimulus frequency. It is important to understand the mechanisms ...

    • Calcium Dependent FAK/CREB/TNNC1 Signaling Mediates the Effect of Stromal MFAP5 on Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Potential 

      Leung, Cecilia S.; Yeung, Tsz-Lun; Yip, Kay-Pong; Pradeep, Sunila; Balasubramanian, Lavanya; Liu, Jinsong; Wong, Kwong-Kwok; Mangala, Lingegowda S.; Armaiz-Pena, Guillermo N.; Lopez-Berestein, Gabriel; Sood, Anil K.; Birrer, Michael J.; Mok, Samuel C. (2014)
      Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in the United States, and advanced serous ovarian adenocarcinoma is responsible for most ovarian cancer deaths. However, the stroma-derived molecular determinants ...

    • Calcium in Renal Cells. Modulation of Calcium-dependent Activation of Phospholipase \(A_2\). 

      Bonventre, Joseph Vincent (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 1990)
      Calcium has been implicated as a regulatory factor in many physiological and pathophysiological processes in the renal cell. Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic free calcium concentration is maintained at ...

    • Calcium Intake and Risk of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Women: Prospective Cohort Study 

      Paik, Julie; Curhan, Gary Craig; Taylor, Eric N. (BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2012)
      Objective: To examine the association between calcium intake and risk of primary hyperparathyroidism in women. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Nurses’ Health Study I, which originally recruited participants from ...