Browsing Harvard Medical School by Keyword "Anatomy and Physiology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 150
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3D Multi-isotope Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Penetration of \(^{18}O\)-Trehalose in Mouse Sperm Nucleus
(Public Library of Science, 2012)The prevalence of genetically engineered mice in medical research has led to ever increasing storage costs. Trehalose has a significant beneficial effect in preserving the developmental potential of mouse sperm following ... -
AAV-Mediated Administration of Myostatin Pro-Peptide Mutant in Adult Ldlr Null Mice Reduces Diet-Induced Hepatosteatosis and Arteriosclerosis
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Genetic disruption of myostatin or its related signaling is known to cause strong protection against diet-induced metabolic disorders. The translational value of these prior findings, however, is dependent on whether such ... -
Action Initiation in the Human Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex
(Public Library of Science, 2013)The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) has previously been implicated in processes that influence action initiation. In humans however, there has been little direct evidence connecting dACC to the temporal onset of ... -
Activation of ERK1/2 by Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Rat Parotid Acinar Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2013)The regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) plays a critical role in a variety of cellular processes, including transcription, protein activation, vesicle trafficking, and ion movement across epithelial ... -
Activation of the Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF)-Transforming Growth Factor β 1 (TGF-β 1) Axis in Hepatitis C Virus-Expressing Hepatocytes
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: The pro-fibrogenic cytokine connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays an important role in the development and progression of fibrosis in many organ systems, including liver. However, its role in the ... -
Acute SIV Infection in Sooty Mangabey Monkeys Is Characterized by Rapid Virus Clearance from Lymph Nodes and Absence of Productive Infection in Germinal Centers
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Lymphoid tissue immunopathology is a characteristic feature of chronic HIV/SIV infection in AIDS-susceptible species, but is absent in SIV-infected natural hosts. To investigate factors contributing to this difference, we ... -
Air-Stimulated ATP Release from Keratinocytes Occurs through Connexin Hemichannels
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Cutaneous ATP release plays an important role in both epidermal stratification and chronic pain, but little is known about ATP release mechanisms in keratinocytes that comprise the epidermis. In this study, we analyzed ATP ... -
Alcohol Affects the Brain's Resting-State Network in Social Drinkers
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Acute alcohol intake is known to enhance inhibition through facilitation of GABAA receptors, which are present in 40% of the synapses all over the brain. Evidence suggests that enhanced GABAergic transmission leads to ... -
Amphiregulin-EGFR Signaling Mediates the Migration of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Progenitors toward PTH-Stimulated Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) dramatically increases bone mass and currently is one of the most effective treatments for osteoporosis. However, the detailed mechanisms are still largely unknown. ... -
An Analysis of the Role of the Indigenous Microbiota in Cholesterol Gallstone Pathogenesis
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background and Aims Cholesterol gallstone disease is a complex process involving both genetic and environmental variables. No information exists regarding what role if any the indigenous gastrointestinal microbiota may ... -
Anion-Sensitive Fluorophore Identifies the Drosophila Swell-Activated Chloride Channel in a Genome-Wide RNA Interference Screen
(Public Library of Science, 2012)When cells swell in hypo-osmotic solutions, chloride-selective ion channels (\(Cl_{swell}\)) activate to reduce intracellular osmolality and prevent catastrophic cell rupture. Despite intensive efforts to assign a molecular ... -
APOE Status Modulates the Changes in Network Connectivity Induced by Brain Stimulation in Non-Demented Elders
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Behavioral consequences of a brain insult represent an interaction between the injury and the capacity of the rest of the brain to adapt to it. We provide experimental support for the notion that genetic factors play a ... -
An Approach to Localizing Corneal Pain Representation in Human Primary Somatosensory Cortex
(Public Library of Science, 2012)The cornea has been a focus of animal electrophysiological research for decades, but little is known regarding its cortical representation in the human brain. This study attempts to localize the somatotopic representation ... -
Association of Genetic Variants of Melatonin Receptor 1B with Gestational Plasma Glucose Level and Risk of Glucose Intolerance in Pregnant Chinese Women
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: This study aimed to explore the association of MTNR1B genetic variants with gestational plasma glucose homeostasis in pregnant Chinese women. Methods: A total of 1,985 pregnant Han Chinese women were recruited ... -
Associations between Quantitative Mobility Measures Derived from Components of Conventional Mobility Testing and Parkinsonian Gait in Older Adults
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Objective: To provide objective measures which characterize mobility in older adults assessed in the community setting and to examine the extent to which these measures are associated with parkinsonian gait. Methods: During ... -
Astrocyte-Specific Disruption of SynCAM1 Signaling Results in ADHD-Like Behavioral Manifestations
(Public Library of Science, 2012)SynCAM1 is an adhesion molecule involved in synaptic differentiation and organization. SynCAM1 is also expressed in astroglial cells where it mediates astrocyte-to astrocyte and glial-neuronal adhesive communication. In ... -
Atropine for Critical Care Intubation in a Cohort of 264 Children and Reduced Mortality Unrelated to Effects on Bradycardia
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Atropine has is currently recommended to facilitate haemodynamic stability during critical care intubation. Our objective was to determine whether atropine use at induction influences ICU mortality. ... -
Automated Sulcal Depth Measurement on Cortical Surface Reflecting Geometrical Properties of Sulci
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Sulcal depth that is one of the quantitative measures of cerebral cortex has been widely used as an important marker for brain morphological studies. Several studies have employed Euclidean (EUD) or geodesic (GED) algorithms ... -
Bilateral Nerve Alterations in a Unilateral Experimental Neurotrophic Keratopathy Model: A Lateral Conjunctival Approach for Trigeminal Axotomy
(Public Library of Science, 2013)To study bilateral nerve changes in a newly developed novel mouse model for neurotrophic keratopathy by approaching the trigeminal nerve from the lateral fornix. Surgical axotomy of the ciliary nerve of the trigeminal nerve ... -
Biliverdin Protects against Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Swine
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in organ transplantation remains a serious and unsolved problem. Organs that undergo significant damage during IRI, function less well immediately after reperfusion and tend to have more ...