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Clinical Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Expanded Voluntary HIV Testing in India
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Background: Despite expanding access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), most of the estimated 2.3 to 2.5 million HIV-infected individuals in India remain undiagnosed. The questions of whom to test for HIV and at what frequency ...
Using Extended Genealogy to Estimate Components of Heritability for 23 Quantitative and Dichotomous Traits
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Important knowledge about the determinants of complex human phenotypes can be obtained from the estimation of heritability, the fraction of phenotypic variation in a population that is determined by genetic factors. Here, ...
Association between Non-High-Density-Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Levels and the Prevalence of Asymptomatic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between non-high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and the prevalence of asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS). Methods and Results: The ...
Integrated Model of De Novo and Inherited Genetic Variants Yields Greater Power to Identify Risk Genes
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
De novo mutations affect risk for many diseases and disorders, especially those with early-onset. An example is autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Four recent whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies of ASD families revealed a ...
Molecular Biomarkers of Vascular Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Untreated and long-lasting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may lead to important vascular abnormalities, including endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. We observed a correlation between ...
Reliability of FEV1/FEV6 to Diagnose Airflow Obstruction Compared with FEV1/FVC: The PLATINO Longitudinal Study
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
QUESTION A 6-second spirometry test is easier than full exhalations. We compared the reliability of the ratio of the Forced expiratory volume in 1 second/Forced expiratory volume in 6 seconds (FEV1/FEV6) to the ratio of ...
Filter Paper Blood Spot Enzyme Linked Immunoassay for Adiponectin and Application in the Evaluation of Determinants of Child Insulin Sensitivity
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Background: Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that acts as a marker of insulin sensitivity. Bloodspot sampling by fingerstick onto filter paper may increase the feasibility of large-scale studies of the determinants ...
Automatic Prediction of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity from the Electronic Medical Records
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Objective: We aimed to mine the data in the Electronic Medical Record to automatically discover patients' Rheumatoid Arthritis disease activity at discrete rheumatology clinic visits. We cast the problem as a document ...
Circulating and Dietary Omega‐3 and Omega‐6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Incidence of CVD in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2013)
Background: Dietary guidelines support intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in fish and vegetable oils. However, some controversy remains about benefits of PUFAs, and most prior studies have relied on self‐reported ...
Global, regional and national sodium intakes in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis of 24 h urinary sodium excretion and dietary surveys worldwide
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2013)
Objectives: To estimate global, regional (21 regions) and national (187 countries) sodium intakes in adults in 1990 and 2010. Design: Bayesian hierarchical modelling using all identifiable primary sources. Data sources and ...