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The Time Course of Gene Expression during Reactive Gliosis in the Optic Nerve
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Reactive gliosis is a complex process that involves changes in gene expression and morphological remodeling. The mouse optic nerve, where astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes interact with retinal ganglion cell axons ...
Frequency of Rare Allelic Variation in Candidate Genes among Individuals with Low and High Urinary Calcium Excretion
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Our study investigated the association of rare allelic variants with extremes of 24-hour urinary calcium excretion because higher urinary calcium excretion is a dominant risk factor for calcium-based kidney stone formation. ...
Bmp7 Maintains Undifferentiated Kidney Progenitor Population and Determines Nephron Numbers at Birth
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
The number of nephrons, the functional units of the kidney, varies among individuals. A low nephron number at birth is associated with a risk of hypertension and the progression of renal insufficiency. The molecular ...
Diffusion MRI Tractography of the Developing Human Fetal Heart
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Objective: Human myocardium has a complex and anisotropic 3D fiber pattern. It remains unknown, however, when in fetal life this anisotropic pattern develops and whether the human heart is structurally fully mature at ...
Gap Junctions Are Essential for Generating the Correlated Spike Activity of Neighboring Retinal Ganglion Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Neurons throughout the brain show spike activity that is temporally correlated to that expressed by their neighbors, yet the generating mechanism(s) remains unclear. In the retina, ganglion cells (GCs) show robust, concerted ...
Using a Body-Fixed Sensor to Identify Subclinical Gait Difficulties in Older Adults with IADL Disability: Maximizing the Output of the Timed Up and Go
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Objective: The identification and documentation of subclinical gait impairments in older adults may facilitate the appropriate use of interventions for preventing or delaying mobility disability. We tested whether measures ...
Biliverdin Protects against Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Swine
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in organ transplantation remains a serious and unsolved problem. Organs that undergo significant damage during IRI, function less well immediately after reperfusion and tend to have more ...
Molecular Biomarkers of Vascular Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Untreated and long-lasting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may lead to important vascular abnormalities, including endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. We observed a correlation between ...
An Analysis of the Role of the Indigenous Microbiota in Cholesterol Gallstone Pathogenesis
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Background and Aims Cholesterol gallstone disease is a complex process involving both genetic and environmental variables. No information exists regarding what role if any the indigenous gastrointestinal microbiota may ...
Modulation of Ocular Surface Glycocalyx Barrier Function by a Galectin-3 N-terminal Deletion Mutant and Membrane-Anchored Synthetic Glycopolymers
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Background: Interaction of transmembrane mucins with the multivalent carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-3 is critical to maintaining the integrity of the ocular surface epithelial glycocalyx. This study aimed to determine ...