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Beep Tones Attenuate Pain following Pavlovian Conditioning of an Endogenous Pain Control Mechanism
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Heterotopic noxious counter-stimulation (HNCS) is commonly used to study endogenous pain control systems. The resulting pain inhibition is primarily based on spinal cord-brainstem loops. Recently, functional imaging studies ...
Clinical Characteristics of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-Occurring Epilepsy
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of epilepsy in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with ASD and epilepsy in a large patient population. ...
Association between Amylin and Amyloid-β Peptides in Plasma in the Context of Apolipoprotein E4 Allele
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Amylin, a pancreatic peptide that readily crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB), and amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ), the main component of amyloid plaques and a major component of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in the brain, ...
Is There an Association between Advanced Paternal Age and Endophenotype Deficit Levels in Schizophrenia?
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
The children of older fathers have increased risks of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and among those who develop these disorders, those with older fathers present with more severe clinical symptoms. However, ...
An Increase in Tobacco Craving Is Associated with Enhanced Medial Prefrontal Cortex Network Coupling
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Craving is a key aspect of drug dependence that is thought to motivate continued drug use. Numerous brain regions have been associated with craving, suggesting that craving is mediated by a distributed brain network. Whether ...
Three New Genetic Loci (R1210C in CFH, Variants in COL8A1 and RAD51B) Are Independently Related to Progression to Advanced Macular Degeneration
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Objectives: To assess the independent impact of new genetic variants on conversion to advanced stages of AMD, controlling for established risk factors, and to determine the contribution of genes in predictive models. ...
Pathway Analyses Implicate Glial Cells in Schizophrenia
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Background: The quest to understand the neurobiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is ongoing with multiple lines of evidence indicating abnormalities of glia, mitochondria, and glutamate in both disorders. Despite ...
Alcohol Affects the Brain's Resting-State Network in Social Drinkers
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Acute alcohol intake is known to enhance inhibition through facilitation of GABAA receptors, which are present in 40% of the synapses all over the brain. Evidence suggests that enhanced GABAergic transmission leads to ...
Pgc-1α Overexpression Downregulates Pitx3 and Increases Susceptibility to MPTP Toxicity Associated with Decreased Bdnf
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Multiple mechanisms likely contribute to neuronal death in Parkinson’s disease (PD), including mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) ...
Orientation-Specificity of Adaptation: Isotropic Adaptation Is Purely Monocular
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Numerous studies have found that prolonged exposure to grating stimuli reduces sensitivity to subsequently presented gratings, most evidently when the orientations of the adapting and test patterns are similar. The rate ...