Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 11931-11950 of 17922
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Octopamine Neuromodulation Regulates Gr32a-Linked Aggression and Courtship Pathways in Drosophila Males
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Chemosensory pheromonal information regulates aggression and reproduction in many species, but how pheromonal signals are transduced to reliably produce behavior is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that the pheromonal ... -
Octopamine Neuromodulatory Effects on a Social Behavior Decision-Making Network in Drosophila Males
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Situations requiring rapid decision-making in response to dynamic environmental demands occur repeatedly in natural environments. Neuromodulation can offer important flexibility to the output of neural networks in coping ... -
Ocular exposure to blue-enriched light has an asymmetric influence on neural activity and spatial attention
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)Brain networks subserving alertness in humans interact with those for spatial attention orienting. We employed blue-enriched light to directly manipulate alertness in healthy volunteers. We show for the first time that ... -
Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease Following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Review of Current Knowledge and Recommendations
(Ophthalmic Research Center, 2013)Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a common complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Ocular GVHD develops in approximately 40-60% of patients following allo-SCT and its most common clinical ... -
Ocular Itch Relief with Alcaftadine 0.25% Versus Olopatadine 0.2% in Allergic Conjunctivitis: Pooled Analysis of Two Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trials
(Springer Healthcare, 2014)Introduction: The efficacy and safety of the once-daily topical ophthalmic solutions, alcaftadine 0.25% and olopatadine 0.2%, in preventing ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis were evaluated. Methods: ... -
Ocular neuropathic pain
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2015)As the biological alarm of impending or actual tissue damage, pain is essential for our survival. However, when it is initiated and/or sustained by dysfunctional elements in the nociceptive system, it is itself a disease ... -
The Ocular Redness Index: A Novel Automated Method for Measuring Ocular Injection
(Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO), 2013)Purpose. To develop and validate a novel automated system to assess ocular redness (OR) in clinical images. Methods. We developed a novel software that quantifies OR in digital images based on a mathematic algorithm ... -
Ocular surface immunity: Homeostatic mechanisms and their disruption in dry eye disease
(Elsevier BV, 2012)The tear film, lacrimal glands, corneal and conjunctival epithelia and Meibomian glands work together as a lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to preserve the integrity and function of the ocular surface. The integrity of this ... -
Ocular surgical models for immune and angiogenic responses
(Journal of Biological Methods, 2015)Corneal transplantation serves as a reproducible and simple surgical model to study mechanisms regulating immunity and angiogenesis. The simplicity of the model allows for systematic analysis of different mechanisms involved ... -
Oculofacial Pain: Corneal Nerve Damage Leading to Pain Beyond the Eye
(The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, 2016)The cornea is supplied principally by the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve and is the most densely innervated organ in the human body. Under normal conditions, the corneal nerve terminals incorporate sensors that ... -
Of decrements and disorders: assessing impairments in neurodevelopment in prospective studies of environmental toxicant exposures
(BioMed Central, 2015)Prenatal and early life neurodevelopment is exquisitely sensitive to insult from environmental exposures. Identifying the effects of environmental toxicants on neurodevelopmental disorders is particularly important from a ... -
Of flies and men: insights on organismal metabolism from fruit flies
(BioMed Central, 2013)The fruit fly Drosophila has contributed significantly to our general understanding of the basic principles of signaling, cell and developmental biology, and neurobiology. However, answers to questions pertaining to energy ... -
Off-patent drugs at brand-name prices: a puzzle for policymakers
(Oxford University Press, 2016)In August 2015, Turing Pharmaceuticals acquired the marketing rights to Daraprim (pyrimethamine), a drug used to treat parasitic infections like malaria and toxoplasmosis. Soon after, Turing caused an uproar when it announced ... -
Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Transplantation in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury: Effect size and Reporting Bias of 62 Experimental Treatments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation is a candidate cellular treatment approach for human spinal cord injury (SCI) due to their unique regenerative potential and autologous origin. The objective of this study ... -
Olfactory Epithelium Grafts in the Cerebral Cortex: An Immunohistochemical Analysis
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2001)Objective To develop an alternative model for studying the regenerative capacity of olfactory neurons. Study Design An immunohistochemical analysis of mouse olfactory epithelium transplanted to the cerebral ... -
Olfactory sensory neurons transiently express multiple olfactory receptors during development
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2015)Abstract In mammals, each olfactory sensory neuron randomly expresses one, and only one, olfactory receptor (OR)—a phenomenon called the “one‐neuron‐one‐receptor” rule. Although extensively studied, this rule was never ... -
Oligoarginine Peptides Slow Strand Annealing and Assist Nonenzymatic RNA Replication
(2016)The nonenzymatic replication of RNA is thought to have been a critical process required for the origin of life. One unsolved difficulty with nonenzymatic RNA replication is that template-directed copying of RNA results in ... -
Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Support Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity via TGF-β Signaling
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Trophic coupling between cerebral endothelium and their neighboring cells is required for the development and maintenance of blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. Here we report that oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) ... -
Oligodendrocytes in Schizophrenia
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2011)