Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 4353-4372 of 17922

    • Diffusion tensor imaging in acute-to-subacute traumatic brain injury: a longitudinal analysis 

      Edlow, Brian L.; Copen, William A.; Izzy, Saef; Bakhadirov, Khamid; van der Kouwe, Andre; Glenn, Mel B.; Greenberg, Steven M.; Greer, David M.; Wu, Ona (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may have prognostic utility in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the optimal timing of DTI data acquisition is unknown because of dynamic changes in white matter ...

    • Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme Using the Supertoroidal Model 

      Mekkaoui, Choukri; Metellus, Philippe; Kostis, William J.; Martuzzi, Roberto; Pereira, Fabricio R.; Beregi, Jean-Paul; Reese, Timothy G.; Constable, Todd R.; Jackowski, Marcel P. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Purpose Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a powerful imaging technique that has led to improvements in the diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral lesions and neurosurgical guidance for tumor resection. Traditional tensor ...

    • A diffusion tensor imaging study of the anterior limb of the internal capsule in schizophrenia 

      Levitt, James Jonathan; Kubicki, Marek R.; Nestor, Paul Gerard; Ersner-Hershfield, Hal; Westin, C-F; Alvarado, Jorge L.; Kikinis, Ron; Jolesz, Ferenc A.; McCarley, Robert William; Shenton, Martha Elizabeth (Elsevier BV, 2010)
      Introduction—Frontal-subcortical cognitive and limbic feedback loops modulate higher cognitive functioning. The final step in these feedback loops is the thalamo-cortical projection through the anterior limb of the internal ...

    • Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Structural Connectivity, and Schizophrenia 

      Whitford, Thomas; Kubicki, Marek R.; Shenton, Martha E. (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2011)
      A fundamental tenet of the “disconnectivity” theories of schizophrenia is that the disorder is ultimately caused by abnormal communication between spatially disparate brain structures. Given that the white matter fasciculi ...

    • Diffusion tractography of the fornix in schizophrenia 

      Fitzsimmons, Jennifer J; Kubicki, Marek R.; Smith, K.; Bushell, G.; Estepar, R. San Jose; Westin, Carl-Fredrik; Nestor, Paul Gerard; Niznikiewicz, Margaret A.; Kikinis, Ron; McCarley, Robert William; Shenton, Martha Elizabeth (Elsevier BV, 2009)
      Background: White matter fiber tracts, especially those interconnecting the frontal and temporal lobes, are likely implicated in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Very few studies, however, have focused on the fornix, a ...

    • Diffusion-informed spatial smoothing of fMRI data in white matter using spectral graph filters 

      Abramian, David; Larsson, Martin; Eklund, Anders; Aganj, Iman; Westin, Carl-Fredrik; Behjat, Hamid (Elsevier BV, 2021-08-15)
      Brain activation mapping using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been extensively studied in brain gray matter (GM), whereas in large disregarded for probing white matter (WM). This unbalanced treatment has ...

    • Digital Connectedness in the Framingham Heart Study 

      Fox, Caroline S.; Hwang, Shih‐Jen; Nieto, Kenneth; Valentino, Maureen; Mutalik, Karen; Massaro, Joseph M.; Benjamin, Emelia J.; Murabito, Joanne M. (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)
      Background: New avenues of data collection such as eHealth and mobile technology have the potential to revolutionize the way large populations can be assessed and managed outside of standard research and clinical settings. ...

    • Digital diffraction analysis enables low-cost molecular diagnostics on a smartphone 

      Im, Hyungsoon; Castro, Cesar M.; Shao, Huilin; Liong, Monty; Song, Jun; Pathania, Divya; Fexon, Lioubov; Min, Changwook; Avila-Wallace, Maria; Zurkiya, Omar; Rho, Junsung; Magaoay, Brady; Tambouret, Rosemary H.; Pivovarov, Misha; Weissleder, Ralph; Lee, Hakho (National Academy of Sciences, 2015)
      The widespread distribution of smartphones, with their integrated sensors and communication capabilities, makes them an ideal platform for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis, especially in resource-limited settings. Molecular ...

    • Digital diffraction detection of protein markers for avian influenza 

      Im, Hyungsoon; Park, Yong Il; Pathania, Divya; Castro, Cesar; Weissleder, Ralph; Lee, Hakho (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016)
      Rapid pathogen testing is expected to play a critical role in infection control and in limiting epidemics. Smartphones equipped with state-of-the-art computing and imaging technologies have emerged as new point-of-use (POU) ...

    • The Digital Divide in Adoption and Use of a Personal Health Record 

      Yamin, Cyrus K.; Emani, Srinivas; Williams, Deborah H.; Lipsitz, Stuart; Karson, Andrew S.; Wald, Jonathan S; Bates, David (American Medical Association (AMA), 2011-03-28)
      Background: Personal health records (PHRs) offer the potential to improve the patient experience and the quality of patient care. However, the “digital divide,” the population-level gap in Internet and computer access, may ...

    • Digital Drug Safety Surveillance: Monitoring Pharmaceutical Products in Twitter 

      Freifeld, Clark C.; Brownstein, John S.; Menone, Christopher M.; Bao, Wenjie; Filice, Ross; Kass-Hout, Taha; Dasgupta, Nabarun (Springer International Publishing, 2014)
      Background: Traditional adverse event (AE) reporting systems have been slow in adapting to online AE reporting from patients, relying instead on gatekeepers, such as clinicians and drug safety groups, to verify each potential ...

    • Digital Epidemiology 

      Salathé, Marcel; Bengtsson, Linus; Bodnar, Todd J.; Brewer, Devon D.; Brownstein, John Samuel; Buckee, Caroline; Campbell, Ellsworth M.; Cattuto, Ciro; Khandelwal, Shashank; Mabry, Patricia L.; Vespignani, Alessandro (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Mobile, social, real-time: the ongoing revolution in the way people communicate has given rise to a new kind of epidemiology. Digital data sources, when harnessed appropriately, can provide local and timely information ...

    • Digital mental health apps and the therapeutic alliance: initial review 

      Philip, Henson; Wisniewski, Hannah; Chris, Hollis; Keshavan, Matcheri; Torous, John (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2019-01-29)
      Background As mental healthcare expands to smartphone apps and other technologies that may offer therapeutic interventions without a therapist involved, it is important to assess the impact of non-traditional therapeutic ...

    • Digital Quantification of Gene Expression in Sequential Breast Cancer Biopsies Reveals Activation of an Immune Response 

      Jeselsohn, Rinath M.; Werner, Lillian; Regan, Meredith M.; Fatima, Aquila; Gilmore, Lauren; Collins, Laura C.; Beck, Andrew H.; Bailey, Shannon T.; He, Housheng Hansen; Buchwalter, Gilles; Brown, Myles; Iglehart, J. Dirk; Richardson, Andrea; Come, Steven E. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Advancements in molecular biology have unveiled multiple breast cancer promoting pathways and potential therapeutic targets. Large randomized clinical trials remain the ultimate means of validating therapeutic efficacy, ...

    • Digital Surveillance: A Novel Approach to Monitoring the Illegal Wildlife Trade 

      Sonricker Hansen, Amy L.; Li, Annie; Joly, Damien; Mekaru, Sumiko; Brownstein, John Samuel (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      A dearth of information obscures the true scale of the global illegal trade in wildlife. Herein, we introduce an automated web crawling surveillance system developed to monitor reports on illegally traded wildlife. A ...

    • The dilemma of delirium: Clinical and research controversies regarding diagnosis and evaluation of delirium in hospitalized elderly medical patients 

      Inouye, Sharon (Elsevier BV, 1994)
      Delirium, with occurrence rates from 14% to 56%, associated mortality rates from 10% to 65%, and excess annual health care expenditures from $1 to $2 billion, poses a common and serious problem for hospitalized elderly ...

    • Dimension reduction and shrinkage methods for high dimensional disease risk scores in historical data 

      Kumamaru, Hiraku; Schneeweiss, Sebastian; Glynn, Robert J.; Setoguchi, Soko; Gagne, Joshua J. (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: Multivariable confounder adjustment in comparative studies of newly marketed drugs can be limited by small numbers of exposed patients and even fewer outcomes. Disease risk scores (DRSs) developed in historical ...

    • Dimeric CRISPR RNA-guided FokI nucleases for highly specific genome editing 

      Tsai, Shengdar Q.; Wyvekens, Nicolas; Khayter, Cyd; Foden, Jennifer A.; Thapar, Vishal; Reyon, Deepak; Goodwin, Mathew J.; Aryee, Martin J.; Joung, J. Keith (2014)
      Monomeric CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases are widely used for targeted genome editing but can induce unwanted off-target mutations with high frequencies. Here we describe dimeric RNA-guided FokI Nucleases (RFNs) that recognize ...

    • Dimethylglycine Deficiency and the Development of Diabetes 

      Magnusson, Martin; Wang, Thomas J.; Clish, Clary; Engström, Gunnar; Nilsson, Peter; Gerszten, Robert E.; Melander, Olle (American Diabetes Association, 2015)
      Experimental studies have suggested possible protective effects of dimethylglycine (DMG) on glucose metabolism. DMG is degraded to glycine through a DMG-dehydrogenase (DMGDH)-catalyzed reaction, and this is the only known ...

    • Diminished curiosity in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease as measured by exploratory eye movements 

      Daffner, Kirk R.; Scinto, L.F.M.; Weintraub, S.; Guinessey, J. E.; Mesulam, M. M. (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 1992)
      Clinical accounts of Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest that some patients exhibit markedly diminished curiosity and initiative early in the course of their illness. Such behavioral changes are extremely difficult to measure ...