Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 9865-9884 of 17918
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Lost Opportunities to Reduce Periconception HIV Transmission: Safer Conception Counseling By South African Providers Addresses Perinatal but not Sexual HIV Transmission
(JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2014)Introduction: Safer conception strategies create opportunities for HIV-serodiscordant couples to realize fertility goals and minimize periconception HIV transmission. Patient–provider communication about fertility goals ... -
Low Birth Weight Is a Risk Factor for Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity Depending on Gestational Age
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Objective: To evaluate the impact of low birth weight as a risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) that will require treatment in correlation with gestational age at birth (GA). Study design In total, 2941 infants ... -
Low Carbohydrate Diet From Plant or Animal Sources and Mortality Among Myocardial Infarction Survivors
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2014)Background: The healthiest dietary pattern for myocardial infarction (MI) survivors is not known. Specific long‐term benefits of a low‐carbohydrate diet (LCD) are unknown, whether from animal or vegetable sources. There ... -
Low dose compared to variable dose Warfarin and to Fondaparinux as prophylaxis for thromboembolism after elective hip or knee replacement surgery; a randomized, prospective study
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary emboli (PE), known together as venous thromboembolic (VTE) disease remain major complications following elective hip and knee surgery. This study compares three ... -
Low Incidence of Chest Wall Pain with a Risk-Adapted Lung Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Approach Using Three or Five Fractions Based on Chest Wall Dosimetry
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Purpose To examine the frequency and potential of dose-volume predictors for chest wall (CW) toxicity (pain and/or rib fracture) for patients receiving lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using treatment planning ... -
Low LDL-C and High HDL-C Levels Are Associated with Elevated Serum Transaminases amongst Adults in the United States: A Cross-sectional Study
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Dyslipidemia, typically recognized as high serum triglyceride, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, are associated with nonalcoholic fatty ... -
Low Levels of Peripheral CD161++CD8+ Mucosal Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells Are Found in HIV and HIV/TB Co-Infection
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: High expression of CD161 on CD8+ T cells is associated with a population of cells thought to play a role in mucosal immunity. We wished to investigate this subset in an HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) ... -
Low Nephron Number and Its Clinical Consequences
(Rambam Health Care Campus, 2011)Epidemiologic studies now strongly support the hypothesis, proposed over two decades ago, that developmental programming of the kidney impacts an individual’s risk for hypertension and renal disease in later life. Low birth ... -
Low prevalence of myocilin mutations in an African American population with primary open-angle glaucoma
(Molecular Vision, 2012)Purpose Mutations in the myocilin gene (MYOC) are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in many different populations. This study represents the first large survey of MYOC mutations in an African American ... -
Low Resistance to First and Second Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs among Treatment Naive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Southwestern Uganda
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Background: There are limited data on region-specific drug susceptibility of tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda. We performed resistance testing on specimens collected from treatment-naive patients with pulmonary TB in Southwestern ... -
Low respiratory sinus arrhythmia and prolonged psychophysiological arousal in posttraumatic stress disorder: heart rate dynamics and individual differences in arousal regulation
(Elsevier BV, 2004)Background: There is extensive evidence that the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system can modulate psychophysiological arousal. To date, no studies have investigated associations between cardiac vagal ... -
Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Acute Kidney Injury in the Critically Ill
(BioMed Central, 2012) -
Low Usefulness of Potassium Monitoring Among Healthy Young Women Taking Spironolactone for Acne
(American Medical Association (AMA), 2015)Importance Spironolactone has been shown to be an effective treatment option for hormonally mediated acne but can cause hyperkalemia. The prevalence of hyperkalemia among healthy young women taking spironolactone for acne ... -
Low Utilization of Obesity Medications: What are the Implications for Clinical Care?
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016)In a new analysis of dispensed prescriptions for obesity medications, Thomas et al. (1) quantify the extent of a problem that until now has only been described qualitatively. Prescribing of obesity medications, and especially ... -
Low-Concentration PM2.5 and Mortality: Estimating Acute and Chronic Effects in a Population-Based Study
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2015)Background: Both short- and long-term exposures to fine particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm; PM2.5) are associated with mortality. However, whether the associations exist at levels below the new U.S. Environmental Protection ... -
Low-Cost and Readily Available Tissue Carriers for the Boston Keratoprosthesis: A Review of Possibilities
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013)The Boston keratoprosthesis (B-KPro), currently the most commonly used artificial cornea worldwide, can provide rapid visual rehabilitation for eyes with severe corneal opacities not suitable for standard corneal ... -
Low-Cost High-Performance MRI
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015)Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is unparalleled in its ability to visualize anatomical structure and function non-invasively with high spatial and temporal resolution. Yet to overcome the low sensitivity inherent in ... -
Low-Density Lipoproteins Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2011)BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) that contains apolipoprotein (apo) C-III makes up only 10% to 20% of plasma LDL but has a markedly altered metabolism and proatherogenic effects on vascular cells. METHODS AND ... -
Low-dose Propofol–induced Amnesia Is Not due to a Failure of Encoding
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2008)Background—Propofol may produce amnesia by affecting encoding. The hypothesis that propofol weakens encoding was tested by measuring regional cerebral blood flow during verbal encoding. Methods—17 volunteer participants ... -
Low-Dose Rectal Inoculation of Rhesus Macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 Recapitulates Human Mucosal Infection by HIV-1
(Rockefeller University Press, 2009)We recently developed a novel strategy to identify transmitted HIV-1 genomes in acutely infected humans using single-genome amplification and a model of random virus evolution. Here, we used this approach to determine the ...