Now showing items 1506-1525 of 17917

    • B Cell Antigen Receptor Signal Strength and Peripheral B Cell Development are Regulated by a 9-O-Acetyl Sialic Acid Esterase 

      Cariappa, Annaiah; Takematsu, Hiromu; Liu, Haoyuan; Diaz, Sandra; Haider, Khaleda; Kalloo, Geetika; Varki, Nissi; Varki, Ajit; Boboila, Cristian; Connole, Michelle Ann; Shi, Hai Ning; Pillai, Shiv Subramaniam (Rockefeller University Press, 2009)
      We show that the enzymatic acetylation and deacetylation of a cell surface carbohydrate controls B cell development, signaling, and immunological tolerance. Mice with a mutation in sialate:O-acetyl esterase, an enzyme that ...
    • B cell homeostasis and follicle confines are governed by fibroblastic reticular cells 

      Cremasco, Viviana; Woodruff, Matthew C.; Onder, Lucas; Cupovic, Jovana; Nieves-Bonilla, Janice M.; Schildberg, Frank A.; Chang, Jonathan; Cremasco, Floriana; Harvey, Christopher J.; Wucherpfennig, Kai; Ludewig, Burkhard; Carroll, Michael C.; Turley, Shannon J. (2014)
      Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are known to inhabit T cell-rich areas of lymphoid organs where they function to coordinate T cell and dendritic cell interactions. However, in vivo manipulation of FRCs has been limited ...
    • B cell receptor pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: specific role of CC-292 

      Arnason, Jon E; Brown, Jennifer R (Dove Medical Press, 2014)
      Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult leukemia. The current treatment paradigm involves the use of chemoimmunotherapy, when patients develop an indication for therapy. With this strategy, a majority ...
    • B Cells Populating the Multiple Sclerosis Brain Mature in the Draining Cervical Lymph Nodes 

      Stern, Joel N. H.; Yaari, Gur; Vander Heiden, Jason A.; Church, George; Donahue, William F.; Hintzen, Rogier Q.; Huttner, Anita J.; Laman, Jon D.; Nagra, Rashed M.; Nylander, Alyssa; Pitt, David; Ramanan, Sriram; Siddiqui, Bilal A.; Vigneault, Francois; Kleinstein, Steven H.; Hafler, David A.; O’Connor, Kevin C. (American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2014-08-06)
      Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by autoimmune mediated demyelination and neurodegeneration. The CNS of patients with MS harbors expanded clones of ...
    •  B-Crystallin Protects Retinal Tissue during Staphylococcus aureus- Induced Endophthalmitis 

      Whiston, E. A.; Sugi, N.; Kamradt, M. C.; Sack, C.; Heimer, S. R.; Engelbert, M.; Wawrousek, E. F.; Gilmore, Michael S.; Ksander, Bruce R.; Gregory, M. S. (American Society for Microbiology, 2008)
      Bacterial infections of the eye highlight a dilemma that is central to all immune-privileged sites. On the one hand, immune privilege limits inflammation to prevent bystander destruction of normal tissue and loss of vision. ...
    • b-FGF Induces Corneal Blood and Lymphatic Vessel Growth in a Spatially Distinct Pattern 

      Hajrasouliha, Amir R.; Sadrai, Zahra; Chauhan, Sunil Kumar; Dana, Reza (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2012)
      Purpose To study the spatial variances in ligand expression and angiogenic effect in response to the inflammatory response induced by b-FGF. Methods b-FGF micropellets (80ng) were implanted in the temporal side ...
    • B-MYB Is Essential for Normal Cell Cycle Progression and Chromosomal Stability of Embryonic Stem Cells 

      Tarasov, Kirill V.; Tarasova, Yelena S.; Tam, Wai Leong; Riordon, Daniel R.; Elliott, Steven T.; Kania, Gabriela; Li, Jinliang; Yamanaka, Satoshi; Crider, David G.; Testa, Gianluca; Li, Ronald A.; Stewart, Colin L.; Liu, Yie; Van Eyk, Jennifer E.; Wersto, Robert P.; Wobus, Anna M.; Boheler, Kenneth R.; Lim, Bing (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      Background: The transcription factor B-Myb is present in all proliferating cells, and in mice engineered to remove this gene, embryos die in utero just after implantation due to inner cell mass defects. This lethal phenotype ...
    • B-RAF kinase drives developmental axon growth and promotes axon regeneration in the injured mature CNS 

      O’Donovan, Kevin J.; Ma, Kaijie; Guo, Hengchang; Wang, Chen; Sun, Fang; Han, Seung Baek; Kim, Hyukmin; Wong, Jamie K.; Charron, Jean; Zou, Hongyan; Son, Young-Jin; He, Zhigang; Zhong, Jian (The Rockefeller University Press, 2014)
      Activation of intrinsic growth programs that promote developmental axon growth may also facilitate axon regeneration in injured adult neurons. Here, we demonstrate that conditional activation of B-RAF kinase alone in mouse ...
    • BACE1 activity regulates cell surface contactin-2 levels 

      Gautam, Vivek; D’Avanzo, Carla; Hebisch, Matthias; Kovacs, Dora M; Kim, Doo Yeon (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Background: Although BACE1 is a major therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), potential side effects of BACE1 inhibition are not well characterized. BACE1 cleaves over 60 putative substrates, however the majority ...
    • Bachelors, Divorcees, and Widowers: Does Marriage Protect Men from Type 2 Diabetes? 

      Cornelis, Marilyn C.; Chiuve, Stephanie E.; Glymour, M. Maria; Chang, Shun-Chiao; Tchetgen Tchetgen, Eric J.; Liang, Liming; Koenen, Karestan C.; Rimm, Eric B.; Kawachi, Ichiro; Kubzansky, Laura D. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      While research has suggested that being married may confer a health advantage, few studies to date have investigated the role of marital status in the development of type 2 diabetes. We examined whether men who are not ...
    • Bacillus subtilis cell diameter is determined by the opposing actions of two distinct cell wall synthetic systems 

      Dion, Michael; Kapoor, Mrinal; Sun, Yingjie; Wilson, Sean; Ryan, Joel; Vigouroux, Antoine; van Teeffelen, Sven; Oldenbourg, Rudolf; Garner, Ethan (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019-05-13)
      Rod shaped bacteria grow by adding material into their cell wall via the action of two spatially distinct enzymatic systems: The Rod system moves around the cell circumference, while the class A penicillin-binding proteins ...
    • Bacillus subtilis Genome Diversity 

      Earl, Ashlee M.; Losick, Richard; Kolter, Roberto (American Society for Microbiology, 2007)
      Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (M-CGH) is a powerful method for rapidly identifying regions of genome diversity among closely related organisms. We used M-CGH to examine the genome diversity of 17 strains ...
    • Back to the family: a renewed approach to rare variant studies 

      Zielinski, Dina; Gymrek, Melissa; Erlich, Yaniv (BioMed Central, 2012)
      A report on the 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics, San Francisco, California, USA, 6-10 November 2012.
    • Back to the Future: Reclaiming Aphasia from Cognitive Neurolinguistics 

      Milberg, William; Blumstein, Sheila (Elsevier BV, 2000-01)
    • Back to the Future: Studying Cholera Pathogenesis Using Infant Rabbits 

      Ritchie, Jennifer; Rui, Haopeng; Bronson, Roderick; Waldor, Matthew (American Society for Microbiology, 2010)
      Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease, caused by Vibrio cholerae, for which there has been no reproducible, nonsurgical animal model. Here, we report that orogastric inoculation of V. cholerae into 3-day-old rabbits ...
    • Bacteria activate sensory neurons that modulate pain and inflammation 

      Chiu, Isaac M.; Heesters, Balthasar A.; Ghasemlou, Nader; Von Hehn, Christian A.; Zhao, Fan; Tran, Johnathan; Wainger, Brian; Strominger, Amanda; Muralidharan, Sriya; Horswill, Alexander R.; Wardenburg, Juliane Bubeck; Hwang, Sun Wook; Carroll, Michael C.; Woolf, Clifford J. (2013)
      Summary Nociceptor sensory neurons are specialized to detect potentially damaging stimuli, protecting the organism by initiating the sensation of pain and eliciting defensive behaviors. Bacterial infections produce pain ...
    • Bacteria hijack a meningeal neuroimmune axis to facilitate brain invasion 

      Pinho-Ribeiro, Felipe A.; Deng, Liwen; Neel, Dylan V.; Erdogan, Ozge; Basu, Himanish; Yang, Daping; Choi, Samantha; Walker, Alec J.; Carneiro-Nascimento, Simone; He, Kathleen; Wu, Glendon; Stevens, Beth; Doran, Kelly S.; Levy, Dan; Chiu, Isaac (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-03-01)
      The meninges are densely innervated by nociceptive sensory neurons that mediate pain and headache1,2. How pain and neuroimmune interactions impact meningeal host defense is unclear. Bacterial meningitis causes life-threatening ...
    • Bacterial Adrenergic Sensors Regulate Virulence of Enteric Pathogens in the Gut 

      Moreira, Cristiano G.; Russell, Regan; Mishra, Animesh Anand; Narayanan, Sanjeev; Ritchie, Jennifer M.; Waldor, Matthew K.; Curtis, Meredith M.; Winter, Sebastian E.; Weinshenker, David; Sperandio, Vanessa (American Society for Microbiology, 2016)
      ABSTRACT Enteric pathogens such as enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and Citrobacter rodentium, which is largely used as a surrogate EHEC model for murine infections, are exposed to several host neurotransmitters ...
    • Bacterial and Host Determinants of MAL Activation upon EPEC Infection: The Roles of Tir, ABRA, and FLRT3 

      Heath, Robert John William; Leong, John M.; Visegrády, Balázs; Machesky, Laura M.; Xavier, Ramnik (Public Library of Science, 2011)
      Infection of host cells by pathogenic microbes triggers signal transduction pathways leading to a multitude of host cell responses including actin cytoskeletal re-arrangements and transcriptional programs. The diarrheagenic ...
    • The Bacterial Carbon-Fixing Organelle Is Formed by Shell Envelopment of Preassembled Cargo 

      Chen, Anna H.; Robinson-Mosher, Avi; Savage, David F.; Silver, Pamela A.; Polka, Jessica K. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Background: Cyanobacteria play a significant role in the global carbon cycle. In Synechococcuselongatus, the carbon-fixing enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is concentrated into polyhedral, ...