Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 17155-17174 of 17917
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U-Shaped Association between Plasma Manganese Levels and Type 2 Diabetes
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2016)Background: Manganese is both an essential element and a known toxicant, and it plays important roles in many mechanisms in relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, epidemiological studies of this relationship are rare. ... -
U-SPECT-BioFluo: an integrated radionuclide, bioluminescence, and fluorescence imaging platform
(Springer, 2014)Background: In vivo bioluminescence, fluorescence, and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging provide complementary information about biological processes. However, to date these signatures are evaluated ... -
U.S. Drinking Water Challenges in the Twenty-First Century
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2002)The access of almost all 270 million U.S. residents to reliable, safe drinking water distinguishes the United States in the twentieth century from that of the nineteenth century. The United States is a relatively water-abundant ... -
U.S. Physicians’ Views on Financing Options to Expand Health Insurance Coverage: A National Survey
(Springer, 2009)Background: Physician opinion can influence the prospects for health care reform, yet there are few recent data on physician views on reform proposals or access to medical care in the United States. Objective: To assess ... -
U1 snRNP is mislocalized in ALS patient fibroblasts bearing NLS mutations in FUS and is required for motor neuron outgrowth in zebrafish
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Mutations in FUS cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the molecular pathways leading to neurodegeneration remain obscure. We previously found that U1 snRNP is the most abundant FUS interactor. Here, we report ... -
Ubc13/Rnf8 ubiquitin ligases control foci formation of the Rap80/Abraxas/Brca1/Brcc36 complex in response to DNA damage
(National Academy of Sciences, 2007)The Brca1 A complex contains Brca1/Bard1, Abraxas, Rap80, and Brcc36; however, with the exception of the Brca1-Abraxas interaction, how the A complex is assembled is not known. The A complex is localized to sites of DNA ... -
UBIAD1 Mutation Alters a Mitochondrial Prenyltransferase to Cause Schnyder Corneal Dystrophy
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Mutations in a novel gene, UBIAD1, were recently found to cause the autosomal dominant eye disease Schnyder corneal dystrophy (SCD). SCD is characterized by an abnormal deposition of cholesterol and phospholipids ... -
Ubiquitin Accumulation in Autophagy-Deficient Mice is Dependent on the Nrf2-Mediated Stress Response Pathway: A Potential Role for Protein Aggregation in Autophagic Substrate Selection
(Rockefeller University Press, 2010)Genetic ablation of autophagy in mice leads to liver and brain degeneration accompanied by the appearance of ubiquitin (Ub) inclusions, which has been considered to support the hypothesis that ubiquitination serves as a ... -
Ubiquitin Depletion as a Key Mediator of Toxicity by Translational Inhibitors
(American Society for Microbiology, 2003)Cycloheximide acts at the large subunit of the ribosome to inhibit translation. Here we report that ubiquitin levels are critical for the survival of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in the presence of cycloheximide: ubiquitin ... -
Ubiquitin Signaling: Extreme Conservation as a Source of Diversity
(MDPI, 2014)Around 2 × 103–2.5 × 103 million years ago, a unicellular organism with radically novel features, ancestor of all eukaryotes, dwelt the earth. This organism, commonly referred as the last eukaryotic common ancestor, contained ... -
Ubiquitin-Dependent Modification of Skeletal Muscle by the Parasitic Nematode, Trichinella spiralis
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Trichinella spiralis is a muscle-specific parasitic worm that is uniquely intracellular. T. spiralis reprograms terminally differentiated skeletal muscle cells causing them to de-differentiate and re-enter the cell cycle, ... -
The ubiquitin-modifying enzyme A20 restricts the ubiquitination of RIPK3 and protects cells from necroptosis
(2015)A20 is an anti-inflammatory protein linked to multiple human diseases, however the mechanisms by which A20 prevents inflammatory disease are incompletely defined. We now find that A20 deficient T cells and fibroblasts are ... -
Ubiquitous Detection of Gram-Positive Bacteria with Bioorthogonal Magnetofluorescent Nanoparticles
(American Chemical Society, 2011)The ability to rapidly diagnose gram-positive pathogenic bacteria would have far reaching biomedical and technological applications. Here we describe the bloorthogonal modification of small molecule antibiotics (vancomycin ... -
Ubiquitous Promoter-Localization of Essential Virulence Regulators in Francisella tularensis
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative bacterium whose ability to replicate within macrophages and cause disease is strictly dependent upon the coordinate activities of three transcription regulators called MglA, SspA, ... -
Ubiquitylation by Trim32 causes coupled loss of desmin, Z-bands, and thin filaments in muscle atrophy
(The Rockefeller University Press, 2012)During muscle atrophy, myofibrillar proteins are degraded in an ordered process in which MuRF1 catalyzes ubiquitylation of thick filament components (Cohen et al. 2009. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200901052). ... -
UCP2 Regulates the Glucagon Response to Fasting and Starvation
(American Diabetes Association, 2013)Glucagon is important for maintaining euglycemia during fasting/starvation, and abnormal glucagon secretion is associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanisms of hypoglycemia-induced glucagon secretion ... -
UGA codon position-dependent incorporation of selenocysteine into mammalian selenoproteins
(Oxford University Press, 2013)It is thought that the SelenoCysteine Insertion Sequence (SECIS) element and UGA codon are sufficient for selenocysteine (Sec) insertion. However, we found that UGA supported Sec insertion only at its natural position or ... -
Ultra-high dynamic range electro-optic sampling for detecting millimeter and sub-millimeter radiation
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)Time-domain spectroscopy using coherent millimeter and sub-millimeter radiation (also known as terahertz radiation) is rapidly expanding its application, owing greatly to the remarkable advances in generating and detecting ... -
Ultra-high resolution HLA genotyping and allele discovery by highly multiplexed cDNA amplicon pyrosequencing
(BioMed Central, 2012)Background: High-resolution HLA genotyping is a critical diagnostic and research assay. Current methods rarely achieve unambiguous high-resolution typing without making population-specific frequency inferences due to a ... -
An Ultra-High Speed Whole Slide Image Viewing System
(IOS Press, 2012)Background:: One of the goals for a Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) system is implementation in the clinical practice of pathology. One of the unresolved problems in accomplishing this goal is the speed of the entire process, ...