Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1013-1032 of 17922
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Arenavirus Z protein controls viral RNA synthesis by locking a polymerase–promoter complex
(National Academy of Sciences, 2011)Arenaviruses form a noncytolytic infection in their rodent hosts, yet can elicit severe hemorrhagic disease in humans. How arenaviruses regulate gene expression remains unclear, and further understanding may provide insight ... -
The Arf-like GTPase Arl8b is essential for three-dimensional invasive growth of prostate cancer in vitro and xenograft formation and growth in vivo
(Impact Journals LLC, 2016)Cancer is a multistep process that requires cells to respond appropriately to the tumor microenvironment, both in early proliferative stages and in later invasive disease. Arl8b is a lysosome localized Arf-like GTPase that ... -
ARF1 and GBF1 Generate a PI4P-Enriched Environment Supportive of Hepatitis C Virus Replication
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Cellular levels of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) have been shown to be upregulated during RNA replication of several viruses, including the HCV replicon model. However, whether PI4P is required in an infectious ... -
Arginine dependence of tumor cells: targeting a chink in cancer’s armor
(Springer Nature, 2016)Arginine, one among the twenty most common natural amino acids, plays a pivotal role in cellular physiology as it is being involved in numerous cellular metabolic and signaling pathways. Dependence on arginine is diverse ... -
ARID1B is a specific vulnerability in ARID1A-mutant cancers
(2014)Summary Recent studies have revealed that ARID1A is frequently mutated across a wide variety of human cancers and also has bona fide tumor suppressor properties. Consequently, identification of vulnerabilities conferred ... -
Armodafinil-induced wakefulness in animals with ventrolateral preoptic lesions
(Dove Medical Press, 2014)Armodafinil is the pharmacologically active R-enantiomer of modafinil, a widely prescribed wake-promoting agent used to treat several sleep-related disorders including excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, ... -
The Aromatase Gene (CYP19A1) Variants and Circulating Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Postmenopausal Women
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: Estrogen and androgen have been linked to the regulation of circulating hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), an adipose tissue-derived cytokine. It is possible that the CYP19A1 gene which alters sex hormones production ... -
Aromatase Inhibitors As Adjuvant Therapy for Postmenopausal Women: A Therapeutic Advance But Many Unresolved Questions
(BioMed Central, 2005)Adjuvant hormonal therapy for postmenopausal women with early stage breast cancer has become far more complex over the past several years. This commentary reviews the current status of the five major trials evaluating the ... -
Aromatase inhibitors, estrogens and musculoskeletal pain: estrogen-dependent T-cell leukemia 1A (TCL1A) gene-mediated regulation of cytokine expression
(BioMed Central, 2012)Introduction: Arthralgias and myalgias are major side effects associated with aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy of breast cancer. In a recent genome-wide association study, we identified SNPs - including one that created ... -
Arousal vs. Relaxation: A Comparison of the Neurophysiological and Cognitive Correlates of Vajrayana and Theravada Meditative Practices
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Based on evidence of parasympathetic activation, early studies defined meditation as a relaxation response. Later research attempted to categorize meditation as either involving focused or distributed attentional systems. ... -
aRrayLasso: a network-based approach to microarray interconversion
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Summary: Robust conversion between microarray platforms is needed to leverage the wide variety of microarray expression studies that have been conducted to date. Currently available conversion methods rely on manufacturer ... -
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation: Results from the North American Multidisciplinary Study
(Elsevier BV, 2009)Background: Prior reports on patients with ARVC/D focused on individuals with advanced forms of the disease. There are limited data regarding diagnostic performance of various testing modalities in newly identified individuals ... -
Arsenic is associated with reduced effect of folic acid in myelomeningocele prevention: a case control study in Bangladesh
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Arsenic induces neural tube defects in several animal models, but its potential to cause neural tube defects in humans is unknown. Our objective was to investigate the associations between maternal arsenic ... -
Arsenic Trioxide Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis through Inactivation of Notch Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer
(Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI), 2012)Arsenic trioxide has been reported to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptotic cell death in many human cancer cells including breast cancer. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor activity of ... -
ART adherence changes among patients in community substance use treatment: a preliminary analysis from MACH14
(BioMed Central, 2012)Background: Opiate substitution treatment has been associated with better adherence to lifesaving antiretroviral medications, but the impact of other substance abuse treatment on adherence is unknown. Findings: In this ... -
Artemis-independent functions of DNA-dependent protein kinase in Ig heavy chain class switch recombination and development
(National Academy of Sciences, 2005)Assembly of Ig genes in B lineage cells involves two distinct DNA rearrangements. In early B cell development, site-specific double strand breaks (DSBs) at germ-line V, D, and J gene segments are joined via nonhomologous ... -
Arterial and Aortic Valve Calcification Abolished by Elastolytic Cathepsin S Deficiency in Chronic Renal Disease
(American Heart Association, 2009)Background-Clinical studies have demonstrated that 50% of individuals with chronic renal disease (CRD) die of cardiovascular causes, including advanced calcific arterial and valvular disease; however, the mechanisms of ... -
Arterial Spin Labeling Blood Flow MRI: Its Role in the Early Characterization of Alzheimer's Disease
(IOS Press, 2010-05-26)Arterial spin labeling (ASL) enables the noninvasive, quantitative imaging of cerebral blood flow using standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment. Because it requires no contrast injection, ASL can add resting ... -
Arterial Spin-Label Imaging in Patients with Normal Bolus Perfusion-weighted MR Imaging Findings: Pilot Identification of the Borderzone Sign
(Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), 2009-09)Purpose To determine whether perfusion abnormalities are depicted on arterial spin-labeling (ASL) images obtained in patients with normal bolus perfusion-weighted (PW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings. Materials ... -
Arterial Spin-labeling MR Imaging of Renal Masses: Correlation with Histopathologic Findings
(Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), 2012-12)Purpose: To assess the value of arterial spin-labeling (ASL) perfusion magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the characterization of solid renal masses by using histopathologic findings as the standard of reference. Materials ...