Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 568-587 of 17917
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Alcohol Intake Between Menarche and First Pregnancy: A Prospective Study of Breast Cancer Risk
(Oxford University Press, 2013)Background: Adult alcohol consumption during the previous year is related to breast cancer risk. Breast tissue is particularly susceptible to carcinogens between menarche and first full-term pregnancy. No study has ... -
Alcohol Policies and Alcoholic Cirrhosis Mortality in the United States
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015)Introduction: Stronger alcohol policies predict decreased alcohol consumption and binge drinking in the United States. We examined the relationship between the strength of states’ alcohol policies and alcoholic cirrhosis ... -
Alcohol use and HIV serostatus of partner predict high-risk sexual behavior among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in South Western Uganda
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: Antiretroviral treatment restores the physical and immunological function for patients with HIV/AIDS and the return of sexual desire. The frequency and correlates of sexual activity among patients receiving ART ... -
Alcohol, Hospital Discharge, and Socioeconomic Risk Factors for Default from Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in Rural South Africa: A Retrospective Cohort Study
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Default from multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment remains a major barrier to cure and epidemic control. We sought to identify patient risk factors for default from MDR-TB treatment and high-risk ... -
Alcohol-Induced Delay of Viability Loss in Stationary-Phase Cultures of Escherichia coli
(American Society for Microbiology, 2002)During prolonged incubation in stationary phase Escherichia coli undergoes starvation-induced differentiation, resulting in highly resistant cells. In rich medium with high amino acid content further incubation of cultures ... -
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Coat Protein Bridges Rna and Rna-dependent Rna Polymerase in Vitro
(SAGE Publications, 2007)Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) RNA replication requires the viral coat protein (CP). AMV CP is an integral component of the viral replicase; moreover, it binds to the viral RNA 3'-termini and induces the formation of multiple ... -
An algorithm for optimal fusion of atlases with different labeling protocols
(Elsevier BV, 2015)In this paper we present a novel label fusion algorithm suited for scenarios in which different manual delineation protocols with potentially disparate structures have been used to annotate the training scans (hereafter ... -
An Algorithm for Prospective Individual Matching in a Non-Randomized Clinical Trial
(Elsevier BV, 2001)A method is described to achieve balance across prognostic factors in intervention trials for which randomized allocation to treatment group is not possible. The method involves prospective individual matching of patients ... -
Algorithms for design of continuum robots using the concentric tubes approach: A neurosurgical example
(IEEE, 2011)We propose a novel systematic approach to optimizing the design of concentric tube robots for neurosurgical procedures. These procedures require that the robot approach specified target sites while navigating and operating ... -
Algorithms for the analysis of ensemble neural spiking activity using simultaneous-event multivariate point-process models
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2014)Understanding how ensembles of neurons represent and transmit information in the patterns of their joint spiking activity is a fundamental question in computational neuroscience. At present, analyses of spiking activity ... -
Alignment of Angular Velocity Sensors for a Vestibular Prosthesis
(BioMed Central, 2012)Vestibular prosthetics transmit angular velocities to the nervous system via electrical stimulation. Head-fixed gyroscopes measure angular motion, but the gyroscope coordinate system will not be coincident with the sensory ... -
ALK-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Report of Four Cases and Review of the Literature
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2009-02-27)Background Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ALK-DLBCL) is a rare lymphoma with several clinicopathological differences from ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). The latest ... -
Alkaline Phosphatase, Soluble Extracellular Adenine Nucleotides, and Adenosine Production after Infant Cardiopulmonary Bypass
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Rationale: Decreased alkaline phosphatase activity after infant cardiac surgery is associated with increased post-operative cardiovascular support requirements. In adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, alkaline ... -
All for One, and One for All: The Clonality of the Intestinal Stem Cell Niche
(Faculty of 1000 Ltd, 2010)Intestinal epithelia are maintained by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that divide to replace dying absorptive and secretory cells that make up this tissue. Lineage labeling studies, both in vertebrates and Drosophila, have ... -
All-optical electrophysiology in mammalian neurons using engineered microbial rhodopsins
(2014)All-optical electrophysiology—spatially resolved simultaneous optical perturbation and measurement of membrane voltage—would open new vistas in neuroscience research. We evolved two archaerhodopsin-based voltage indicators, ... -
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Directs Urothelial Specification of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells via GATA4/6 Signaling Mechanisms
(Public Library of Science, 2010)The urinary bladder and associated tract are lined by the urothelium, a transitional epithelium that acts as a specialized permeability barrier that protects the underlying tissue from urine via expression of a highly ... -
Allele-Specific Amplification in Cancer Revealed by SNP Array Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2005)Amplification, deletion, and loss of heterozygosity of genomic DNA are hallmarks of cancer. In recent years a variety of studies have emerged measuring total chromosomal copy number at increasingly high resolution. Similarly, ... -
Allele-specific detection of single mRNA molecules in situ
(2013)We describe a method for fluorescent in situ identification of individual mRNA molecules, allowing quantitative and accurate measurements of allele-specific transcripts that differ by only a few nucleotides, in single ... -
Allele-specific expression in the human heart and its application to postoperative atrial fibrillation and myocardial ischemia
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Allele-specific expression (ASE) is differential expression of each of the two chromosomal alleles of an autosomal gene. We assessed ASE patterns in the human left atrium (LA, n = 62) and paired samples from ... -
Allele-specific expression of mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) gene and alternative susceptibility to colorectal cancer in schizophrenia
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)Evidence has indicated that the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among schizophrenia is lower than normal. To explore this potential protective effect, we employed an innovative strategy combining association study ...