Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "Pharmacology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 84
-
Acid Suppression Therapy Does Not Predispose to Clostridium difficile Infection: The Case of the Potential Bias
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Objective: An adverse effect of acid-suppression medications on the occurrence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been a common finding of many, but not all studies. We hypothesized that association between ... -
Adaptive Landscape by Environment Interactions Dictate Evolutionary Dynamics in Models of Drug Resistance
(Public Library of Science, 2016)The adaptive landscape analogy has found practical use in recent years, as many have explored how their understanding can inform therapeutic strategies that subvert the evolution of drug resistance. A major barrier to ... -
Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention in a Clinical Setting
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: The HIV epidemic in the United States (US) disproportionately affects gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using co-formulated tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ... -
Alzheimer's Therapeutics Targeting Amyloid Beta 1–42 Oligomers II: Sigma-2/PGRMC1 Receptors Mediate Abeta 42 Oligomer Binding and Synaptotoxicity
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Amyloid beta (Abeta) 1–42 oligomers accumulate in brains of patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and disrupt synaptic plasticity processes that underlie memory formation. Synaptic binding of Abeta oligomers to ... -
Analysis of HIV Diversity in HIV-Infected Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (HPTN 061)
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: HIV populations often diversify in response to selective pressures, such as the immune response and antiretroviral drug use. We analyzed HIV diversity in Black men who have sex with men who were enrolled in the ... -
Anesthetic Sevoflurane Causes Rho-Dependent Filopodial Shortening in Mouse Neurons
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Early postnatal anesthesia causes long-lasting learning and memory impairment in rodents, however, evidence for a specific neurotoxic effect on early synaptogenesis has not been demonstrated. Drebrin A is an actin binding ... -
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Inhibits Candida albicans Virulence Factors and ReducesIn VivoPathogenicity
(American Society for Microbiology, 2012-11-05)The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Candida albicans exhibits altered pathogenicity characteristics following sublethal antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (APDI) and if such alterations are maintained ... -
Approaches to Recording Drug Allergies in Electronic Health Records: Qualitative Study
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Drug allergy represent an important subset of adverse drug reactions that is worthy of attention because many of these reactions are potentially preventable with use of computerised decision support systems. ... -
Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Subgroup Analysis by Sex and Diabetes Status
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Objective: To evaluate the benefits and harms of aspirin for the primary prevention of CVD and determine whether the effects vary by sex and diabetes status. Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases for ... -
Biomarker-Defined Subsets of Common Diseases: Policy and Economic Implications of Orphan Drug Act Coverage
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Aaron Kesselheim and colleagues examine orphan-designated drugs approved between 2009 and 2015 in the United States. -
Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Effects of Photocatalysis Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Are Strongly Potentiated by Addition of Potassium Iodide
(American Society for Microbiology, 2016-07-05)Photocatalysis describes the excitation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (a wide-band gap semiconductor) by UVA light to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can destroy many organic molecules. This photocatalysis ... -
C3-PRO: Connecting ResearchKit to the Health System Using i2b2 and FHIR
(Public Library of Science, 2016)A renewed interest by consumer information technology giants in the healthcare domain is focused on transforming smartphones into personal health data storage devices. With the introduction of the open source ResearchKit, ... -
The Case for Reforming Drug Naming: Should Brand Name Trademark Protections Expire upon Generic Entry?
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Ameet Sarpatwari and Aaron Kesselheim explore whether stripping branded drugs of trademark protection would improve the efficiency and fairness of health care. -
Characterization of a Conjugate between Rose Bengal and Chitosan for Targeted Antibiofilm and Tissue Stabilization Effects as a Potential Treatment of Infected Dentin
(American Society for Microbiology, 2012-07-09)Bacterial biofilms and dentin structural changes are some of the major challenges in the management of infected dentin tissue. This study characterized a photosensitizer-conjugated chitosan with enhanced photodynamic ... -
Characterization of Multi-Drug Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Cephalic Recording Chambers in Research Macaques (Macaca spp.)
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Nonhuman primates are commonly used for cognitive neuroscience research and often surgically implanted with cephalic recording chambers for electrophysiological recording. Aerobic bacterial cultures from 25 macaques ... -
Circulating MicroRNAs: Association with Lung Function in Asthma
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: MicroRNAs are key transcriptional and network regulators previously associated with asthma susceptibility. However, their role in relation to asthma severity has not been delineated. Objective: We hypothesized ... -
Comparative Genetic Architectures of Schizophrenia in East Asian and European Populations
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2018-10-17)Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with a lifetime risk of about 1% world-wide. Most large schizophrenia genetic studies have studied people of primarily European ancestry, potentially missing important biological ... -
Comparison of Approaches for Stroke Prophylaxis in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Network Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: Multiple novel oral anticoagulants and left atrial appendage closure devices (WATCHMAN) have been tested against dose-adjusted vitamin K antagonists in randomized controlled trials for stroke prophylaxis in ... -
Decreased Brain Neurokinin-1 Receptor Availability in Chronic Tennis Elbow
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Substance P is released in painful and inflammatory conditions, affecting both peripheral processes and the central nervous system neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. There is a paucity of data on human brain alterations in NK1 ... -
Design and Rationale of the RE‐DUAL PCI Trial: A Prospective, Randomized, Phase 3b Study Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Dual Antithrombotic Therapy With Dabigatran Etexilate Versus Warfarin Triple Therapy in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Who Have Undergone Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Stenting
(Wiley Periodicals, Inc., 2016)Antithrombotic management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing coronary stenting is complicated by the need for anticoagulant therapy for stroke prevention and dual antiplatelet therapy for prevention of ...