Now showing items 1-20 of 81

    • An Actin-Based Wave Generator Organizes Cell Motility 

      Weiner, Orion D; Marganski, William A; Wu, Lani F; Altschuler, Steven J; Kirschner, Marc W. (Public Library of Science, 2007)
      Although many of the regulators of actin assembly are known, we do not understand how these components act together to organize cell shape and movement. To address this question, we analyzed the spatial dynamics of a key ...
    • Adenosine Transporter ENT4 Is a Direct Target of EWS/WT1 Translocation Product and Is Highly Expressed in Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor 

      Li, Hongjie; Smolen, Gromoslaw Aleksander; Beers, Lisa F.; Xia, Li; Gerald, William; Wang, Joanne; Haber, Daniel Arie; Lee, Sean Bong (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      Background: Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor (DSRCT) is a highly aggressive malignancy that affects mainly adolescents and young adults. A defining characteristic of DSRCT is a specific chromosomal translocation, ...
    • ARF1 and GBF1 Generate a PI4P-Enriched Environment Supportive of Hepatitis C Virus Replication 

      Zhang, Leiliang; Hong, Zhi; Lin, Wenyu; Shao, Run-Xuan; Goto, Kaku; Hsu, Victor Wee; Chung, Raymond Taeyong (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Cellular levels of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) have been shown to be upregulated during RNA replication of several viruses, including the HCV replicon model. However, whether PI4P is required in an infectious ...
    • Catastrophic NAD+ Depletion in Activated T Lymphocytes Through Nampt Inhibition Reduces Demyelination and Disability in EAE 

      Bruzzone, Santina; Fruscione, Floriana; Morando, Sara; Ferrando, Tiziana; Poggi, Alessandro; Garuti, Anna; D'Urso, Agustina; Selmo, Martina; Benvenuto, Federica; Cea, Michele; Zoppoli, Gabriele; Moran, Eva; Soncini, Debora; Ballestrero, Alberto; Sordat, Bernard; Patrone, Franco; Uccelli, Antonio; Nencioni, Alessio; Mostoslavsky, Raul (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) inhibitors such as FK866 are potent inhibitors of NAD+ synthesis that show promise for the treatment of different forms of cancer. Based on Nampt upregulation in activated T ...
    • The Chromosomal Passenger Complex Activates Polo Kinase at Centromeres 

      Carmena, Mar; Pinson, Xavier; Platani, Melpi; Salloum, Zeina; Xu, Zhenjie; MacIsaac, Fiona; Ogawa, Hiromi; Glover, David M.; Archambault, Vincent; Earnshaw, William C.; Clark, Anthony; Eggert, Ulrike (Riki) Sophie (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      The coordinated activities at centromeres of two key cell cycle kinases, Polo and Aurora B, are critical for ensuring that the two sister kinetochores of each chromosome are attached to microtubules from opposite spindle ...
    • Class II MHC Self-Antigen Presentation in Human B and T Lymphocytes 

      Costantino, Cristina Maria; Spooner, Eric; Ploegh, Hidde L.; Hafler, David A. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Human CD4\(^+\) T cells process and present functional class II MHC-peptide complexes, but the endogenous peptide repertoire of these non-classical antigen presenting cells remains unknown. We eluted and sequenced HLA-DR-bound ...
    • Combinatorial Complexity and Compositional Drift in Protein Interaction Networks 

      Deeds, Eric J.; Krivine, Jean; Feret, Jérôme; Danos, Vincent; Fontana, Walter (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      The assembly of molecular machines and transient signaling complexes does not typically occur under circumstances in which the appropriate proteins are isolated from all others present in the cell. Rather, assembly must ...
    • Common ADRB2 Haplotypes Derived from 26 Polymorphic Sites Direct β2-Adrenergic Receptor Expression and Regulation Phenotypes 

      Panebra, Alfredo; Wang, Wayne C.; Malone, Molly M.; Pitter, Demar R. G.; Weiss, Scott Tillman; Hawkins, Gregory A.; Liggett, Stephen B. (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Background: The β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) is expressed on numerous cell-types including airway smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. Drugs (agonists or antagonists) acting at these receptors for treatment of asthma, ...
    • A Complex Extracellular Sphingomyelinase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Inhibits Angiogenesis by Selective Cytotoxicity to Endothelial Cells 

      Vasil, Michael L.; Stonehouse, Martin J.; Vasil, Adriana I.; Wadsworth, Sandra J.; Goldfine, Howard; Bolcome, Robert E.; Chan, Joanne (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      The hemolytic phospholipase C (PlcHR) expressed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the original member of a Phosphoesterase Superfamily, which includes phosphorylcholine-specific phospholipases C (PC-PLC) produced by frank and ...
    • A Computational Screen for Regulators of Oxidative Phosphorylation Implicates SLIRP in Mitochondrial RNA Homeostasis 

      Baughman, Joshua M.; Nilsson, Roland; Gohil, Vishal; Arlow, Daniel H.; Gauhar, Zareen; Mootha, Vamsi Krishna (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      The human oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) system consists of approximately 90 proteins encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and serves as the primary cellular pathway for ATP biosynthesis. While the core protein ...
    • Designed Inhibitors of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme Regulate the Catabolism and Activity of Insulin 

      Leissring, Malcolm A.; Malito, Enrico; Hedouin, Sabrine; Reinstatler, Lael; Sahara, Tomoko; Abdul-Hay, Samer O.; Choudhry, Shakeel; Maharvi, Ghulam M.; Fauq, Abdul H.; Huzarska, Malwina; May, Philip S.; Logan, Todd P.; Turk, Benjamin E.; Manolopoulou, Marika; Tang, Wei-Jen; Stein, Ross L.; Choi, Sungwoon; Cantley, Lewis C.; Cuny, Gregory Douglas; Selkoe, Dennis J. (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Background: Insulin is a vital peptide hormone that is a central regulator of glucose homeostasis, and impairments in insulin signaling cause diabetes mellitus. In principle, it should be possible to enhance the activity ...
    • Differential, Phosphorylation Dependent Trafficking of AQP2 in LLC-PK1 Cells 

      Rice, William; Zhang, Yan; Chen, Ying; Matsuzaki, Toshiyuki; Brown, Dennis; Lu, Hua A Jenny (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      The kidney maintains water homeostasis by modulating aquaporin 2 (AQP2) on the plasma membrane of collecting duct principal cells in response to vasopressin (VP). VP mediated phosphorylation of AQP2 at serine 256 is critical ...
    • Dinosaur Peptides Suggest Mechanisms of Protein Survival 

      San Antonio, James D.; Schweitzer, Mary H.; Jensen, Shane T.; Buckley, Michael; Orgel, Joseph P. R. O.; van Veen, Hendrik W.; Kalluri, Raghu (Public Library of Science, 2011)
      Eleven collagen peptide sequences recovered from chemical extracts of dinosaur bones were mapped onto molecular models of the vertebrate collagen fibril derived from extant taxa. The dinosaur peptides localized to fibril ...
    • Discovery of Catalytically Active Orthologues of the Parkinson's Disease Kinase PINK1: Analysis of Substrate Specificity and Impact of Mutations 

      Woodroof, Helen I.; Pogson, Joe H.; Begley, Mike; Cantley, Lewis C.; Deak, Maria; Campbell, David G.; van Aalten, Daan M. F.; Whitworth, Alexander J.; Alessi, Dario R.; Muqit, Miratul M. K. (The Royal Society, 2011)
      Missense mutations of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) gene cause autosomal-recessive Parkinson's disease. To date, little is known about the intrinsic catalytic properties of PINK1 since ...
    • Discrete States of a Protein Interaction Network Govern Interphase and Mitotic Microtubule Dynamics 

      Niethammer, Philipp Michael; Kronja, Iva; Kandels-Lewis, Stefanie; Rybina, Sonja; Bastiaens, Philippe; Karsenti, Eric (Public Library of Science, 2007)
      The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is thought to adopt discrete “states” corresponding to different steady states of protein networks that govern changes in subcellular organization. For example, in Xenopus eggs, the ...
    • Diversity of Protein and mRNA Forms of Mammalian Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase B1 Due to Intronization and Protein Processing 

      Liang, Xinwen; Fomenko, Dmitri E.; Hua, Deame; Kaya, Alaattin; Gladyshev, Vadim (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Background: Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) are repair enzymes that protect proteins from oxidative stress by catalyzing stereospecific reduction of oxidized methionine residues. MsrB1 is a selenocysteine-containing ...
    • ElaD, a Deubiquitinating Protease Expressed by E. Coli 

      Catic, Andre; Misaghi, Shahram; Korbel, Gregory A.; Ploegh, Hidde L. (Public Library of Science, 2007)
      Background: Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubl) are designed to modify polypeptides in eukaryotes. Covalent binding of ubiquitin or Ubls to substrate proteins can be reversed by specific hydrolases. One particular ...
    • Enhancement of Naringenin Bioavailability by Complexation with Hydroxypropoyl-β-Cyclodextrin 

      Shulman, Maria; Cohen, Merav; Soto-Gutierrez, Alejandro; Yagi, Hiroshi; Wang, Hongyun; Goldwasser, Jonathan; Lee-Parsons, Carolyn W.; Benny-Ratsaby, Ofra; Yarmush, Martin Leon; Nahmias, Yaakov (Public Library of Science, 2011)
      The abundant flavonoid aglycone, naringenin, which is responsible for the bitter taste in grapefruits, has been shown to possess hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. Recently, our group ...
    • eNOS Protects from Atherosclerosis Despite Relevant Superoxide Production by the Enzyme in apoE\(^{−/−}\) Mice 

      Ponnuswamy, Padmapriya; Schröttle, Angelika; Ostermeier, Eva; Grüner, Sabine; Huang, Paul Lee; Ertl, Georg; Hoffmann, Ulrich; Nieswandt, Bernhard; Kuhlencordt, Peter J. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: All three nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms are expressed in atherosclerotic plaques. NOS enzymes in general catalyse NO production. However, under conditions of substrate and cofactor deficiency, the enzyme ...
    • ErbB2, EphrinB1, Src Kinase and PTPN13 Signaling Complex Regulates MAP Kinase Signaling in Human Cancers 

      Vermeer, Paola D.; Bell, Megan; Lee, Kimberly; Vermeer, Daniel W.; Wieking, Byrant G.; Bilal, Erhan; Bhanot, Gyan; Ganesan, Shridar; Klingelhutz, Aloysius J.; Hendriks, Wiljan J.; Drapkin, Ronny I.; Lee, John H. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      In non-cancerous cells, phosphorylated proteins exist transiently, becoming de-phosphorylated by specific phosphatases that terminate propagation of signaling pathways. In cancers, compromised phosphatase activity and/or ...